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应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 1837-1844.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201606.002

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桃叶片抗冷性对光周期诱导休眠的响应

李冬梅1,2, 张海森2,3, 谭秋平1, 高东升1,2*, 陈修德1,2, 李 玲1,2   

  1. 1山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 山东泰安 271018;
    2作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018;
    3山东农业大学生命科学学院, 山东泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-04 发布日期:2016-06-18
  • 通讯作者: Email:dsgao@sdau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李冬梅,女,1980年生,博士,讲师. 主要从事设施果树生理与分子生物学研究. E-mail: dmli2002@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31372050)和山东农业大学青年科技创新基金项目(23849)资助

Responses of chilling resistance to photoperiodic dormancy induction in peach leaf.

LI Dong-mei1,2, ZHANG Hai-sen2,3, TAN Qiu-ping1, GAO Dong-sheng1,2*, CHEN Xiu-de1,2, LI Ling1,2   

  1. 1College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China;
    2State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China;
    3College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
  • Received:2015-11-04 Published:2016-06-18

摘要: 以6年生“春捷”桃树为试材,以自然生长的桃树为对照,研究了长日照和短日照的休眠诱导效应和休眠诱导进程中叶片抗冷性对光周期的响应.结果表明: 在逐渐降低的自然环境温度下,长日照和短日照处理树体均能进入休眠诱导期,其中长日照处理延后1周而短日照处理提前1周进入.随着休眠程度的加深,各处理叶片的总含水量、自由水含量降低,束缚水含量、束缚水/自由水比值升高.超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在休眠诱导期内均呈单峰曲线,高峰值出现在休眠诱导期的后期,过氧化物酶(POD)活性进入休眠诱导期后迅速下降,后期回升形成小高峰.休眠诱导期内可溶性蛋白含量稳步下降,脯氨酸和丙二醛(MDA)含量持续升高,伤害率逐渐增大.长日照可显著提高SOD、CAT活性及脯氨酸含量,减缓POD活性和可溶性蛋白含量的降幅,降低MDA和伤害率的增幅.这表明长日照处理叶片受伤害程度更轻,而短日照处理相应指标的变化则不同,尤其诱导期后期叶片的伤害率显著高于对照,表现出较低的抗冷性.如果环境温度允许,实际生产中可以适当延长光照时间来提高叶片的抗冷性.

Abstract: Taking 6-year-old “Chunjie” peach as test material, and the peach in natural condition as the control, this paper investigated induced effects of long-day and short-day photoperiod on dormancy and responses of chilling resistance to photoperiodic induction during dormancy induction process. The results showed that the trees of long-day and short-day treatments could both enter dormancy induction under the gradually decreasing temperature. The long-day treatment was 1 week later than the control, while the short-day treatment was 1 week earlier. The total water content and free water content both decreased, and the bound water content and the ratio of bound water/total water increased with the development of dormancy. SOD and CAT activities changed as unimodal curve during dormancy induction, and the peak values appeared at the late stage of dormancy induction, POD activity decreased rapidly after the start of dormancy induction, and rebounded to form a small peak at the late stage of dormancy induction. The soluble protein content declined, proline and malonaldehyde (MDA) increased continuously, and the injury rate increased. Long-day could increase SOD and CAT activities and proline content, alleviate the decline of POD activity and soluble protein content, and reduce the growth rate of MDA and injury rate, which indicated leaf damage was lighter in long-day treatment than in the control. However, they changed differently under short-day treatment, especially the leaf injury rate was higher than the control, exhibiting a lower chilling resistance. Prolonging illumination was suggested to improve leaf chilling resistance in practical production if environmental temperature permitted.