Abstract: In recent years, eutrophication has not been effectively controlled and algal pollution still breaks out frequently. At the same time, the cyanobacteria and release of algal toxins have posed a serious threat to the environment and human health. In this review, the classification and main physicochemical properties of algal toxins were summarized, and the biological removal strategies of algal toxins including biological contact oxidation process, biological filter process and biological ecological coupling process and their biodegradation mechanisms were reviewed. The influence factors on biological treatment process, including operation conditions (temperature, pH and hydraulic retention time), water property and nutrient limitation factors, were analyzed. The research on the removalmechanisms of other algae toxins and the development and optimization of new biological technology were prospected to develop and improve algal toxin removal technology and ensure drin-king water safety.