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长江口九段沙湿地大型底栖动物群落结构的季节变化规律

周晓;葛振鸣;施文彧;王天厚;曹丹;周立晨   

  1. 华东师范大学生命科学学院上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2005-11-05 修回日期:2006-09-06 出版日期:2006-11-18 发布日期:2006-11-18

Seasonal fluctuation of macrobenthos community in Jiuduansha intertidal wetland of Yangtze River Estuary

ZHOU Xiao;GE Zhenming; SHI Wenyu; WANG Tianhou;CAO Dan;ZHOU Lichen   

  1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration, School of
    Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2005-11-05 Revised:2006-09-06 Online:2006-11-18 Published:2006-11-18

摘要: 2004年11月至2005年10月,调查了长江口九段沙湿地大型底栖动物群落特征的季节变化及其土壤因子影响,共调查到大型底栖动物30种,主要由甲壳动物、环节动物、软体动物及昆虫幼体组成,光滑狭口螺(Stenothyra glabra)、堇拟沼螺(Assiminea violacea)、焦河蓝蛤 (Potamocorbula ustulata)、中国绿螂 (Glaucomya chinensis)和谭氏泥蟹(Ilyrplax deschampsi)为优势种,且生物密度四季变化明显.春季大型底栖动物生物密度和生物量处于最高水平,多样性指数最高.夏季密度和生物量最低,物种多样性也较低,分布较不均匀.秋、冬季生物种类数与生物量差异不显著,生物密度冬季较秋季高.春、夏、秋季底栖动物种类数、密度和生物量均未与土壤因子达到显著相关水平.冬季土壤湿度与有机质含量与底栖动物密度显著相关.

关键词: 长效碳酸氢铵, DCD, 硝化和反硝化, NO和N2O排放

Abstract: From November 2004 to October 2005, an investigation was made on the seasonal fluctuation of macrobenthos community in the Jiuduansha intertidal wetland of Yangtze River Estuary, with the correlations between this fluctuation and sediment factors studied. 864 samples were collected seasonally from 216 sites in 7 sampling transects. A total of 30 species were identified, mainly belonging to Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea and insect. The dominant species were Stenothyra glabra, Assiminea violacea, Potamocorbula ustulata, Glaucomya chinensis, and Ilyrplax deschampsi. In spring, macrobenthos had the highest density and biomass and the richest diversity, but in summer, the density and biomass were the lowest, the diversity was on a lower level, and the distribution was uneven. There were no significant differences in the species number and biomass between autumn and winter, but the density was higher in winter than in autumn. In spring, summer and autumn, the species number, density, and biomass of macrobenthos had no significant correlations with sediment factors, but in winter, macrobenthos density had significant correlations with the humidity and organic matter content of sediment.

Key words: Modified ammonium bicarbonate, DCD, Nitrification and denitrification, NO and N2O emission