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应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (11): 3663-3674.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201711.029

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华北平原冬小麦农田生态系统通量贡献区

吴东星, 李国栋1,2*, 张茜1   

  1. 1 河南大学环境与规划学院, 河南开封 475004
    2 黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室, 河南开封 475004
  • 出版日期:2017-11-18 发布日期:2017-11-18
  • 通讯作者: *mail:liguodonghd@163.com
  • 作者简介:吴东星, 男, 1991年生, 硕士研究生.主要从事生态气候研究.E-mail:ecologywdx@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(U1404401)、河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(161RTSTHN012)、河南大学资源与环境研究所项目(HD-ZHS-201403)和河南大学新兴交叉及特色学科培育项目(XXJC20140003)资助

Flux footprint of winter wheat farmland ecosystem in the North China Plain

WU Dong-xing1, LI Guo-dong1,2*, ZHANG Xi1   

  1. 1 College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
    2 Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
  • Online:2017-11-18 Published:2017-11-18
  • Contact: *mail:liguodonghd@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1404401), Henan Province University Scientific and Technological Innovation Team Support Project (161RTSTHN012), Henan University Resource and Environment Research Institute Project (HD-ZHS-201403) and Henan University Emerging Intersect and Characteristic Subject Breeding Project (XXJC20140003)

摘要: 利用2013—2014年涡度相关系统观测的华北平原冬小麦农田生态系统通量数据,结合通量贡献区模型FSAM,分析华北平原冬小麦农田生态系统通量贡献区的时空分布特点,对比研究不同大气稳定层结条件和生长期内通量贡献区的分布差异.结果表明: 在主风风向上,冬小麦整个生育期内大气稳定条件下的通量贡献区范围大于不稳定条件下的贡献区范围.在0°~90°主风风向上,生长初期稳定条件下通量贡献区范围比不稳定条件下大17.8 m左右,生长末期稳定条件下的通量贡献区范围比不稳定条件下大11 m左右.生长初期的通量贡献最大值点位置比生长末期距观测点位置远15 m(大气稳定条件)和12.4 m(大气不稳定条件);通量贡献最大值点在稳定条件下比不稳定条件下距观测点位置远5 m(生长初期)和2.4 m(生长末期).在非主风风向上,当风向为90°~180°时,生长初期和生长末期不同大气条件下的最大通量值分别位于距观测点的67.8、53.4和47.0、30.8 m.当风向为270°~360°时,生长初期和生长末期不同大气条件下的最大通量值位于距观测点的58.8、42和41.1、33.1 m.在整个生育期尺度上,观测塔的通量信息主要来自东北、西南和东南方向,其所占比例分别为35.4%、32.5%和19.4%.冬小麦整个生育期内通量贡献区的主要变化发生在观测点东北方向16.0~173.8 m和西南方向14.7~209 m,通量信息全部来源于农田生态系统.两个典型日期的通量贡献区日变化特征明显,通量贡献区范围随大气稳定条件和风向改变而发生变化.夜晚通量信息全部来源于农田生态系统,白天少部分通量信息来源于居民区和果园.本文的定量化结果可为农田生态系统通量贡献区的研究提供依据.

Abstract: The flux data of winter wheat farmland ecosystem observed by eddy covariance system in the North China Plain from 2013 to 2014 were used to combine with the footprint model FSAM. The temporal and spatial distributions of footprint of winter wheat farmland ecosystem in the North China Plain were analyzed. The differences of footprint distribution in different atmospheric stratification and growing seasons were contrastively studied. The results indicated that in the predominant wind direction, the source areas of stable atmospheric stratification were larger than unstable atmospheric stratification during the growing season of winter wheat. When the wind direction was between 0°-90°, the source area of stable atmospheric stratification was about 17.8 m longer than unstable atmospheric stratification in initial growing season. The source area of stable atmospheric stratification was about 11 m longer than unstable atmospheric stratification in late growing season. The location of the maximum flux footprint in initial growing season was 15 m (stable atmospheric stratification) and 12.4 m (unstable atmospheric stratification) further away from the observing tower than late growing season, respectively. Meanwhile, the location of the maximum flux footprint in stable atmospheric stratification was 5 m (initial growing season) and 2.4 m (late growing season) further away from the observing tower than unstable atmospheric stratification, respectively. When the wind direction was non-dominant between 90°-180°, the location of the maximum flux footprint in diffe-rent growing seasons and atmospheric stratification were 67.8 and 53.4, 47.0 and 30.8 m away from the observing tower, respectively. When the wind direction was between 270°-360°, the location of the maximum flux footprint in different growing seasons and atmospheric stratification were 58.8 and 42.0, 41.1 and 33.1 m away from the observing tower, respectively. The flux information was mainly from the northeast, southwest and southeast, which accounted for 35.4%, 32.5% and 19.4% of the whole gro-wing season scale, respectively. The major changes of flux footprint in the whole gro-wing season of winter wheat were observed from 16.0 to 173.8 m in the northeast and from 14.7 to 209 m in the southwest. The flux information was all from the farmland ecosystem. The characteristics of diurnal variations of flux footprint in two typical dates were obvious. The source area changed with atmospheric stratification and wind direction. The flux information was all from farmland ecosystem at night, while little flux information was from residential area and orchard at daytime. The quantitative results of this study could provide basis for the research of flux footprint in farmland ecosystem.