基于土地利用变化的典型喀斯特流域生态风险评估——以漓江流域为例

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201706.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以漓江流域为研究对象,利用1973、1986、2000和2013年4期遥感影像,提取土地利用数据,构建生态风险指数,借助“3S”技术,分析漓江流域生态风险时空演化特征.结果表明: 1973—2013年,漓江流域土地利用结构处于相对合理状态,并不断优化;研究区生态风险一直处于较低水平,以低和较低生态风险为主,但高生态风险区域扩张迅速;生态风险空间分布整体格局基本稳定,呈现明显的圈层结构,以兴安县城—灵川县城—桂林市区—阳朔县城为轴向外风险程度逐渐降低,低生态风险区主要集中分布在流域北部以及中东部的自然山林地带,高生态风险区主要分布在桂林市区;生态风险分布具有明显的坡度、高程差异,表现出随坡度和高程增加生态风险逐渐下降的分布特点;研究期内,低级别向高级别生态风险转化的面积不断下降,反向转化的面积持续增加,流域生态风险整体上呈加速下降趋势.

Abstract: Taking Lijiang River basin as study area, and based on the remote sensing images of 1973, 1986, 2000 and 2013, the land-use data were extracted, the ecological risk index was constructed, and the characteristics of spatiotemporal variation of ecological risk were analyzed by “3S” technique. The results showed that land use structure of Lijiang River basin was under relatively reasonable state and it was constantly optimizing during 1973-2013. Overall, the ecological risk of Lijiang River basin was maintained at a low level. Lowest and lower ecological risk region was dominant in Lijiang River basin, but the area of highest ecological risk expanded quickly. The spatial distribution of ecological risk was basically stable and showed an obvious ring structure, which gra-dually decreased from the axis of Xingan County Town-Lingchuan County Town-Guilin City-Yangshuo County Town to other regions. Region with lowest ecological risk mainly distributed in natural mountain forest area of the north and mid-eastern parts of Lijiang River basin, and region with highe-st ecological risk concentrated in Guilin City. The ecological risk distribution of Lijiang River basin presented significant slope and altitude differences, and it decreased with increasing slope and altitude. During the study period, the area of low ecological risk converted to high ecological risk gra-dually decreased and vice versa. On the whole, the ecological risk tended to decline rapidly in the Lijiang River basin.

胡金龙, 周志翔, 滕明君, 罗楠. 基于土地利用变化的典型喀斯特流域生态风险评估——以漓江流域为例[J]. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(6): 2003-2012.

HU Jin-long, ZHOU Zhi-xiang, TENG Ming-jun, LUO Nan. Ecological risk assessment of typical karst basin based on land use change: A case study of Lijiang River basin, Southern China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(6): 2003-2012.

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