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应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 1116-1124.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201604.025

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

马尾松人工林林窗边缘效应对樟和红椿凋落叶难降解物质分解的影响

张艳1,2,张丹桔1,2,3,李勋1,2,刘华1,2,张明锦1,2,杨万勤1,2,3,张健1,2,3*   

  1. 1四川农业大学林学院生态林业研究所, 成都 611130;
    2四川生态林业工程重点实验室, 成都 611130;
    3长江上游生态安全协同创新中心, 成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2015-08-26 修回日期:2016-01-23 出版日期:2016-04-22 发布日期:2016-04-22
  • 通讯作者: sicauzhangjian@163.com
  • 作者简介:张 艳,女,1989年生,硕士研究生. 主要从事退化森林生态恢复与重建人工林近自然经营研究. E-mail: zhangyanyb@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31370628)、国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B05)、四川省科技支撑计划项目(12ZC0017)、四川省科技厅应用基础项目(2012JY0047)和四川省教育厅科技创新团队计划项目(11TD006)

Edge effects of forest gap in Pinus massoniana plantations on the decomposition of leaf litter recalcitrant components of Cinnamomum camphora and Toona ciliata.

ZHANG Yan1,2, ZHANG Dan-ju1,2,3, LI Xun1,2, LIU Hua1,2, ZHANG Ming-jin1,2, YANG Wan-qin1,2,3, ZHANG Jian1,2,3*   

  1. 1Institute of Ecology & Forestry, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2 Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Chengdu 611130, China;
    3Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Secu-rity in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China
  • Received:2015-08-26 Revised:2016-01-23 Online:2016-04-22 Published:2016-04-22
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370628), the National Science and Technology Support Project of China (2011BAC09B05), the Science and Technology Support Project of Sichuan (12ZC0017), the Project of Applied & Basic Research of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan (2012JY0047) and the Science and Technology Innovation Team Program of Department of Education of Sichuan (11TD006)

摘要: 采用凋落物分解袋, 以四川低山丘陵区马尾松人工林人工砍伐形成的7个不同面积的林窗边缘(100、225、400、625、900、1225、1600 m2)为研究对象, 以林下为对照, 研究了2种乡土树种——樟和红椿凋落叶难降解物质(木质素、纤维素、总酚、缩合单宁)在不同大小林窗边缘的降解动态特征.结果表明:马尾松人工林林下与不同大小林窗边缘相比较,红椿凋落叶中除纤维素外,其余难降解物质的降解率以及樟凋落叶木质素降解率均显著高于林下.在全年分解过程中, 2种凋落叶4种难降解物质的降解率总体均呈现持续上升的趋势.其中,缩合单宁降解最快,其次是总酚和纤维素,而木质素降解最慢.随林窗面积的增大, 红椿凋落叶除纤维素外,其余难降解物质在中型林窗边缘(400、625 m2)具有相对较高的降解率,而樟凋落叶的木质素在625 m2林窗边缘时也表现出较高的降解率.在凋落叶分解过程中,难降解物质降解率与凋落叶袋内温度和凋落物质量均呈显著相关.中型林窗(400~625 m2)对凋落物分解过程中难降解物质的降解具有更显著的边缘效应, 而这种边缘效应与物种有一定关联.

Abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of recalcitrant components during foliar litter decomposition under edge effects of forest gap in Pinus massoniana plantations in the low hilly land, Sichuan basin. A field litterbag experiment was conducted in seven forest gaps with different sizes (100, 225, 400, 625, 900, 1225, 1600 m2) which were generated by thinning P. massoniana plantations. The degradation rate of four recalcitrant components, i.e., condensed tannins, total phenol, lignin and cellulose in foliar litter of two native species (Cinnamomum camphora and Toona ciliata) at the gap edge and under the closed canopy were measured. The results showed that the degradation rate of recalcitrant components in T. ciliata litter except for cellulose at the gap edge were significantly higher than that under the closed canopy. For C. camphora litter, only the degradation of lignin at the gap edge was higher than that under the closed canopy. After one-year decomposition, four recalcitrant components in two types of foliar litter exhibited an increment of degradation rate, and the degradation rate of condensed tannin was the fastest, followed by total phenol and cellulose, but the lignin degradation rate was the slowest. With the increase of gap size, except for cellulose, the degradation rate ofthe other three recalcitrant components of the T. ciliata at the edge of medium sized gaps (400 and 625 m2) were significantly higher than at the edge of other gaps. However, lignin in the C. camphora litter at the 625 m2 gap edge showed the greatest degradation rate. Both temperature and litter initial content were significantly correlated with litter recalcitrant component degradation. Our results suggested that medium sized gaps (400-625 m2) had a more significant edge effect on the degradation of litter recalcitrant components in the two native species in P. massoniana plantations, however, the effect also depended on species.