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应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 1331-1340.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201604.014

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    

城市黑臭水体形成机理与评价方法研究进展

王旭,王永刚*,孙长虹,潘涛   

  1. 北京市环境保护科学研究院/国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100037
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-12 修回日期:2016-01-15 出版日期:2016-04-22 发布日期:2016-04-22
  • 通讯作者: edward8848@163.com
  • 作者简介:王 旭, 男,1987年生,研究实习员.主要从事水污染控制和水环境与生态修复技术研究.E-mail:wangxu8568658@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07203-001-01)和丰台区重点河段水环境改善技术研究项目资助

Formation mechanism and assessment method for urban black and odorous water body: A review

WANG Xu, WANG Yong-gang*, SUN Chang-hong, PAN Tao   

  1. Beijing Municipal Research Academy of Environmental Protection/National Engineering Research Center for Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing 100037, China
  • Received:2015-09-12 Revised:2016-01-15 Online:2016-04-22 Published:2016-04-22
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (2012ZX07203-001-01) and Water Environment Improvement Technology of Major Rivers in Fengtai District. 2015-09-12 Received, 2016-01-15 Accepted.*

摘要: 黑臭水体是水体污染的一种极端现象.造成黑臭水体的主要污染源包括有机污染物、底泥再悬浮以及水体热污染,城市水循环条件不足是引起黑臭水体的水动力学因素.从黑臭形成化学机理看,致黑物质主要包括悬浮物、Fe、S元素及其化合物FeS;致臭物质主要包括H2S、NH3等小分子气体以及硫醚类(VOSCs)、乔司脒和2-二甲基异莰醇等化合物.本文重点从黑臭评价指标、黑臭指数法、多元线性回归模型以及综合评价法4个方面对黑臭水体评价方法进行对比与总结,并对未来城市黑臭水体研究进行展望,旨在进一步明确城市黑臭水体判别技术,为城市水环境治理和水生态维护提供依据.

Abstract: Black and odorous (B&O) water body reflects very typical serious water pollution related to organic pollution, sediment re-suspension and thermal pollution. Also, the insufficiency of water cycle is one of the most important hydrodynamic factors for formatting B&O water body. The blackening substances mainly include suspended particles, Fe- and S-containing substances; the odour causing substances include the small molecule gases such as H2S, NH3 and some compounds such as VOSCs, Geosmin and 2-MBI. Evaluation methods of B&O water were summarized from the evaluation index, B&O index, multiple linear regression model and comprehensive evaluation method in this paper. Correspondingly, the relative research direction in the future was discussed. All these works not only defined the identifying technology for urban B&O water body, but also would further support the water environment improvement and ecological recovery in urban region.