干扰对动物传播森林植物种子有效性影响的研究进展

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201705.033

应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 1716-1726.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201705.033

干扰对动物传播森林植物种子有效性影响的研究进展

王静^1,2,3, 闫巧玲^1,2*

¹中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站, 沈阳 110016;
²中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室/中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
³中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2016-10-10 修回日期:2017-03-02 发布日期:2017-05-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: qlyan@iae.ac.cn
作者简介:王静, 女, 1991年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事森林培育学研究. E-mail: hj1211xa@126.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31670637, 31222012)和中国科学院青年创新促进会(2011158)资助

Effects of disturbances on animal-mediated seed dispersal effectiveness of forest plants: A review

WANG Jing^1,2,3, YAN Qiao-ling^1,2*

¹Qingyuan Forest Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
²Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2016-10-10 Revised:2017-03-02 Published:2017-05-18
Contact: *E-mail: qlyan@iae.ac.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31670637, 31222012), and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2011158)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干扰在森林生态系统中普遍存在,并影响森林的更新和演替.动物传播种子是种子更新的必经阶段,其对森林干扰的响应在一定程度上能够预测未来的森林群落组成和结构变化,对于明确森林演替方向具有重要意义.本文论述了森林干扰对动物传播种子有效性(包括动物传播种子的数量和质量)影响研究的生态学意义,全面揭示了自然干扰(火干扰、林窗干扰等)和人为干扰(生境破碎化、狩猎、采伐等)对动物传播种子数量、传播距离以及传播后幼苗更新影响的研究进展,指出干扰通过影响动物种群动态,进而造成动物传播种子数量发生了改变,动物传播种子的距离对干扰的响应基本表现出轻微负相关;干扰对传播后幼苗更新的影响结果因干扰类型的不同而复杂多变,干扰迹地环境因子的变化也影响着传播后的种子萌发和幼苗更新.干扰对动物传播种子有效性影响研究中存在的问题,主要表现为火干扰迹地恢复过程、增益性的干扰(如抚育、间伐、林窗)等对种子传播有效性影响研究的匮乏,以及忽略了温带森林内的干扰对动物传播种子的影响等.今后,应开展干扰对种子传播有效性的长期研究;对于干扰多发地带的森林,应高度重视增益性干扰影响动物传播植物种子的研究.

Abstract: Disturbances commonly exist in forest ecosystems and play a critical role in the forest regeneration and succession. Animal-mediated seed dispersal is an essential stage of seed regeneration for most plants. To some extent, the responses of animal-mediated seed dispersal to forest disturbances can predict the changes in community composition and structure, and consequently, the succession direction of forests. In the present study, we systematically discussed the ecological significance of the effects of disturbances on animal-mediated seed dispersal effectiveness (i.e., quantity and quality of seed dispersal) of forest plants. We also revealed the research progresses on the effects of natural disturbances (e.g., fire and forest gaps) and human disturbances (e.g., habitat fragmentation, hunting and logging) on the seed dispersal quantity, distance and seedling rege-neration after seed dispersal. The responses of seed dispersal quantity to disturbances were embodied in the dynamic changes of animal population. In addition, there was a slightly negative correlation between seed dispersal distance and interference. However, it was much more complicated for the influences of disturbance on seedling regeneration due to the various types of disturbances, and the environmental factors in disturbed areas also affected seed germination and seedling regeneration after seed dispersal. There were some problems of the study on the effects of disturbances on animal-mediated seed dispersal effectiveness of forest plants. Little was known about the effects of recovery processes of fire disturbance region and positive disturbances (e.g., tending, thinning and forest gaps) on the seed dispersal effectiveness, especially in the temperate forest ecosystems. In the future, long-term research on seed dispersal effectiveness of forest plants by animals after disturbances should be carried out, and the effects of positive disturbances on animal-mediated seed dispersal should be emphasized for the forest regions prone to disturbance.

王静, 闫巧玲. 干扰对动物传播森林植物种子有效性影响的研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(5): 1716-1726.

WANG Jing, YAN Qiao-ling. Effects of disturbances on animal-mediated seed dispersal effectiveness of forest plants: A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(5): 1716-1726.

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干扰对动物传播森林植物种子有效性影响的研究进展

Effects of disturbances on animal-mediated seed dispersal effectiveness of forest plants: A review

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