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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 309-313.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201801.037

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东太平洋中部中上层鲨鱼群落营养生态位分化

李云凯1,2,3*, 高小迪1, 王琳禹1, 方琳1   

  1. 1上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;
    2国家远洋渔业工程技术中心, 上海 201306;
    3大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-06 出版日期:2018-01-18 发布日期:2018-01-18
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: ykli@shou.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李云凯,男, 1981年生,博士, 副教授. 主要从事稳定同位素生态学研究. E-mail: ykli@shou.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    本文由上海市自然科学基金项目(17ZR1413000)和上海市大学生创新活动计划项目(S201710264026)资助

Trophic niche partitioning of pelagic sharks in Central Eastern Pacific inferred from stable isotope analysis.

LI Yun-kai1,2,3*, GAO Xiao-di1, WANG Lin-yu1, FANG Lin1   

  1. 1College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China;
    3Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China
  • Received:2017-09-06 Online:2018-01-18 Published:2018-01-18
  • Contact: * E-mail: ykli@shou.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (17ZR1413000) and the Innovative Program for Shanghai College Students (S201710264026).

摘要: 鲨鱼在大洋生态系统中占据着重要的生态地位,其作为顶级捕食者,通过下行效应直接影响生态系统的稳定.稳定同位素技术是目前研究摄食生态学强有力的手段之一,可利用碳氮稳定同位素在食物网中的特性分别指示鲨鱼的食物来源和营养级.本研究选取8种130尾采集自东太平洋中部的中上层鲨鱼,应用稳定同位素绘制其种群生态位图谱,比较不同种群间的生态地位及资源分配方式上的差异.结果表明: 不同鲨鱼种群碳、氮稳定同位素比值存在显著差异;8种鲨鱼在东太平洋生态系统中的营养级为4.3~5.4,大青鲨、尖吻鲭鲨与其他6种鲨鱼存在摄食隔离,表现出独特的营养生态地位.这些结果充分证明大洋性中上层鲨鱼并非生态系统的冗余种,其营养生态位的独特性不会被其他捕食者简单地替代和弥补.

Abstract: As the apex predators of the open ocean ecosystems, pelagic sharks play important roles in stabilizing the marine food web through top-down control. Stable isotope analysis is a powerful tool to investigate the feeding ecology. The carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios can be used to trace food source and evaluate the trophic position of marine organisms. In this study, the isotope values of 130 pelagic sharks from 8 species in Central Eastern Pacific were analyzed and their trophic position and niche were calculated to compare the intra/inter-specific resource partitioning in the Central Eastern Pacific ecosystem. The results exhibited significant differences in both carbon and nitrogen isotope values among the shark species. The trophic levels ranged from 4.3 to 5.4 in the Central Eastern Pacific shark community. The trophic niche of blue sharks and shortfin mako sharks showed no overlap with the other shark species, exhibiting unique ecological roles in the open ocean food web. These data highlighted the diverse roles among pelagic sharks, supporting previous findings that this species is not trophically redundant and the trophic niche of pelagic sharks can not be simply replaced by those of other top predator species.