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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 2059-2067.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201806.033

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

光照强度与光周期对虎斑乌贼胚胎发育的影响

周爽男,吕腾腾,陈奇成,彭瑞冰,韩庆喜,蒋霞敏*   

  1. 宁波大学海洋学院, 浙江宁波 315211
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-13 修回日期:2018-03-13 出版日期:2018-06-18 发布日期:2018-06-18
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: jiangxiamin@nbu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:周爽男, 男, 1993年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事水产动物增养殖研究. E-mail: 575152485@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    本文由宁波市农业重大专项(2014C11001)和浙江省海洋与渔业项目(浙海渔计2013[82]号)资助

Effects of light intensity and photoperiod on the embryonic development of Sepia pharaonis.

ZHOU Shuang-nan, LYU Teng-teng, CHEN Qi-cheng, PENG Rui-bing, HAN Qing-xi, JIANG Xia-min*   

  1. School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2017-09-13 Revised:2018-03-13 Online:2018-06-18 Published:2018-06-18
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the Major Agriculture Project of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China (2014C11001) and the Ocean and Fishery Project of Zhejiang Province, China (Zhejiang Marine Fishery Program, 2013[82])

摘要: 为探究光照对虎斑乌贼受精卵孵化的影响,确定其胚胎发育的最佳光照条件,本研究采用单因子试验方法,分析了不同光照强度(10、30、50、70、90 μmol·m-2·s-1)和光周期L∶D(24 h∶0 h、18 h∶6 h、12 h∶12 h、6 h∶18 h、0 h∶24 h)对虎斑乌贼胚胎发育的影响.结果表明: 不同光照强度对虎斑乌贼胚胎发育的孵化率、卵黄囊断裂率、培育周期、初孵幼体体质量与胴长均影响显著;而对孵化周期和幼体出膜7 d后存活率无显著影响.其中孵化率、培育周期、初孵幼体体质量与胴长随着光照强度的增强先增大后减小,而卵黄囊断裂率则逐渐增大.最适光照强度为30 μmol·m-2·s-1,此光照强度下孵化率为(90.0±4.1)%,卵黄囊断裂率为(7.3±1.5)%,培育周期为(25.50±0.35) d,孵化周期为(8.10±0.89) d,初孵幼体体质量为(0.213±0.011) g,胴长为(1.013±0.022) cm,出膜7 d后存活率为(97.1±4.0)%.不同光周期对虎斑乌贼胚胎发育的孵化率、培育周期、孵化周期均影响显著,而对卵黄囊断裂率、初孵幼体体质量、胴长和幼体出膜7 d后存活率无显著影响.其中孵化率和孵化周期随着光照时间的增加呈现先增大后减小的变化.最适光周期为LD(12 h12 h),此光周期下孵化率达(88.7±1.8)%,卵黄囊断裂率为(8.7±1.8)%,培育周期为(25.00±0.50) d,孵化周期为(7.00±3.20) d,初孵幼体体质量为(0.209±0.005) g,胴长为(0.998±0.026) cm,出膜7 d后存活率为(96.8±7.1)%.说明弱光照强度30 μmol·m-2·s-1和半日光照强度L∶D(12 h∶12 h)更有利于虎斑乌贼的胚胎孵化.在实际生产中,应避免阳光直射,采取适当的遮光措施.

关键词: 孵化率, 虎斑乌贼, 光周期, 光照强度

Abstract: We investigated the effects of lumination on hatching of fertilized eggs of Sepia pharaonis, to reveal the best light conditions for its embryonic development. A single-factor experiment was carried out to examine the effects of different light intensities (10, 30, 50, 70, 90 μmol·m-2·s-1) and different photoperiod L:D (24 h:0 h, 18 h:6 h, 12 h:12 h, 6 h:18 h, 0 h:24 h) on the embryonic development. The results showed that the effects of light intensity on the hatching rate, fractured yolk sac rate, incubation period, mass of newly hatched larvae and mantle length was significant. There was no significant effect on hatching period and survival rate after hatching 7 days. With the increases of light intensity, the hatching rate, incubation period, mass of newly hatched larvae and mantle length first increased and then decreased, while the fractured yolk sac rate gradually increased. The optimum light intensity was 30 μmol·m-2·s-1. Exposed to this light intensity, the hatching rate, fractured yolk sac rate, incubation period, hatching period, mass of newly hatched larvae, mantle length and survival rate after hatching 7 days were (90.0±4.1)%, (7.3±1.5)%, (25.50±0.35) d, (8.10±0.89) d, (0.213±0.011) g, (1.013±0.022) cm, (97.1±4.0)%, respectively. The effects of photoperiod on the hatching rate, incubation period, hatching period were significant, but there was no significant effect on fractured yolk sac rate, mass of newly hatched larvae, mantle length and survival rate after hatching 7 days. With the increases of illumination time, the hatching rate and hatching period first increased and then decreased. The optimum photoperiod was L:D (12 h:12 h). When exposed to this photoperiod environment, the hatching rate, fractured yolk sac rate, incubation period, hatching period, mass of newly hatched larvae, mantle length and survival rate after hatching 7 days were (88.7±1.8)%, (8.7±1.8)%, (25.00±0.50) d, (7.00±3.20) d, (0.209±0.005) g, (0.998±0.026) cm, (96.8±7.1)%, respectively. In conclusion, embryo hatchability of S. pharaonis preferred to low light intensity (30 μmol·m-2·s-1) and normal photoperiod L:D (12 h:12 h). In production practice, sunproof measures should be taken to keep the eggs in weak light condition.

Key words: Sepia pharaonis, light intensity, photoperiod, hatching rate.