Abstract: Using two peanut varieties Shanhua108 (early-maturing variety) and 780-15 (late maturing variety), a field experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of row-spacing of wheat (25 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm+20 cm) and two peanut cropping patterns (intercropped peanut with wheat, summer-sowing peanut) on yield components, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant system, and dry matter accumulation and transportation. The results showed that wide spacing form of wheat and wide-narrow row planting pattern increased the pod yield, kernel yield, leaf area index, total dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic capacity, as well as SOD, POD and CAT activities, but decreased the MDA content. There are no obvious differences of wheat yield between the two row-spacing. Intercropping system increased peanut yield compared with summer-sowing peanut, which were much higher for wide-narrow row planting pattern than row spacing of 25 cm or 30 cm. The wide-narrow row planting pattern increased the pod yield and kernel yield by 6.3%, 13.3% and 7.7%, 16.5% for Shanhua108 and 780-15 than those of row spacing of 30 cm, respectively. Wide-narrow row planting could enlarge photosynthetic area, improve the net photosynthetic rate, and increase total dry matter accumulation. Meanwhile, it could alleviate the contradictionbetween the plant individual and group, delay the senescence, and increase peanut yield.