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生态学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. ›› Issue (1): 79-82.

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑河中游绿洲防护林的防护效应分析

何志斌1, 赵文智1, 屈连宝2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所临泽内陆河流域综合研究站, 兰州, 730000;
    2. 甘肃省兰州市七里河区水电局, 兰州, 730012
  • 收稿日期:2003-11-25 修回日期:2004-02-12 出版日期:2005-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 赵文智
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程资助项目(KZCX1-09);中加合作项目(201012)

Protective effects of oasis protection forest in the middle reach of Heihe River

HE Zhibin1, ZHAO Wenzhi1, QU Lianbao 2   

  1. 1. Water and Electricity Department of the Qilihe District, Lanzhou 730012, China;
    2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Linze Inland River Basin Comprehensive Research Station, Chinese Ecosystem Network Research, Lanzhou, 730000, China
  • Received:2003-11-25 Revised:2004-02-12 Online:2005-01-10

摘要: 沿绿洲至荒漠戈壁和绿洲至流动沙丘的防护林体系分别选择一条观测样线,每条样线分不同防护区布设4个观测点同步观测风速和输沙率。2年的观测数据表明,绿洲至荒漠戈壁的前缘阻沙林带能明显降低风速,是维护绿洲安全的第一道防线,但在树种选择上不仅要考虑防护效果,而且要考虑树木的速生性和耐旱性,本文认为杨树和柽柳的组合较为理想。而固沙区具有生态功能和经济效益的双重作用,该区乔、灌木配置较少,风速没有明显降低。对绿洲至流动沙丘的防护林体系来说,在相同的风速条件下,输沙率随地表覆盖度降低而显著增加,因此,增加地表覆盖度是降低输沙率的有效途径。

关键词: 黄土区, 荒草地, 裸地, 土壤水分, 循环

Abstract: Two sampling lines from oasis to desert and to dune were chosen,each with four observation points,to observe wind velocity and silt discharge rate synchronously.The data of two years showed that fore-protective forest of oasis-desert played an important role in decreasing wind velocity.As for the species,taking their growth rate and drought resistance into account,the combination of Populus simonii and Tamarix ramosissima was the most ideal fore-protective forest.Without arbor and shrubbery,the grass sand-fixing area could not reduce the wind velocity further.In the protective forest from oasis to dune,the slit discharge rate increased significantly with the decrease of ground surface coverage,which meant that the increase of ground surface coverage is the key to decrease the silt discharge rate.

Key words: Loess Plateau, Grassland, Bare land, Soil water, Cycling

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