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生态学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. ›› Issue (4): 443-447.

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

旅游活动对自然景区的非污染生态影响

刘巧玲, 管东生   

  1. 中山大学环境科学系, 广州, 510275
  • 收稿日期:2003-11-14 修回日期:2004-03-11 出版日期:2005-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 管东生
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金项目(021740);“985工程”GIS与遥感的地学应用科技创新平台资助项目

Non-polluted ecological impact of tourist activities in natural scenic area

LIU Qiaoling, GUAN Dongsheng   

  1. Department of Environmental Science, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China
  • Received:2003-11-14 Revised:2004-03-11 Online:2005-04-10

摘要: 旅游是产生非污染生态影响的一个重要方面。随着旅游活动的快速发展,它对区域自然生态环境的影响越来越大。主要的影响包括:①土壤板结,有机质、水分和营养元素的含量降低,以及水土流失加剧。②水体的时空分布被改变,径流的含沙量增加。③植物受人为机械损伤、砍伐、践踏等干扰,导致植被覆盖减少,群落的种类组成改变并且趋于简单化,生物多样性降低。④土地利用变化以及人的活动使野生动物的生境不断缩小和破碎化。此外,旅游活动也在一定程度上为自然资源的保护提供经济方面的推动力。因此,对自然景区进行有前瞻性的规划和管理是发展生态旅游的关键.

关键词: 植被, 土壤团聚体, 对数正态分布, 分形维数, 团聚体稳定性指数

Abstract: Tourism is one of the main causes of non-polluting ecological impact.With the development of tourist activities,the effects of which on natural ecological environment have became more and more serious.The main effects are as follows: the soil is hardened; the contents of organic matters,water,nutrient elements decrease.At the same time,soil erosion is aggravated.The temporal and spatial distribution of water body change,and the sediment concentration in runoff increase.The covering degree of vegetation decrease,and the populations of plants change and tend to be simple.Some natural habitats in which wildlife exist are reduced and fragmented by land use change and human activities.So the biodiversity of the area is lost.However,because of the economic benefits,tourist activities also promote the protection of natural resources to a certain degree.So it is necessary to take measures to plan and manage natural scenic areas.

Key words: Vegetation, Soil aggregate, Logarithmic normal distribution, Fractal dimension, Soil aggregate stability index

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