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生态学杂志 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (09): 1756-1762.

• 综合与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于田间尺度的东北农田防护林防护效应分析

邓荣鑫1,2;张树文1**;李颖1   

  1. 1中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所|长春 130012;2中国科学院研究生院|北京 100039
  • 出版日期:2009-09-10 发布日期:2009-09-10

Protective effects of farmland shelterbelts in Northeast China: A field scale analysis.

DENG Rong-xin1,2;ZHANG Shu-wen1|LI Ying1   

  1. 1Northeast Institute of Geography and Agriculture Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China|2Graduated University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Online:2009-09-10 Published:2009-09-10

摘要: 选择了东北农田防护林的典型区域——吉林西部平原农田防护林区的榆树、农安、德惠和扶余作为研究地区,在各地区内根据防护林的内部结构和长势状况等,分别选择了好、中、差3个研究样区,对各样区内农田的地表温度、土壤湿度、气温和作物产量等进行了观测。结果表明:较好防护林内5 cm、10 cm土壤水分比较差防护林均有所增加,其中德惠增加1.03个百分点、0.89个百分点,榆树增加0.21个百分点、0.23个百分点,扶余增加1.48个百分点、1.42个百分点,农安增加0.85个百分点、0.65个百分点;5 cm土壤最高温度、10 cm土壤最高温度、气温在德惠减少1.42 ℃、1.86 ℃、1.29 ℃、在农安减少0.89 ℃、2.27 ℃、0.88 ℃,在榆树增加2.52 ℃、3.93 ℃、0.95 ℃、在扶余增加1.6 ℃、4
℃、0.36 ℃;产量增加不明显。由此可知,农防林对小气候的改善较为明显,可增加土壤水分,降低温度变化幅度。

关键词: 小麦, 叶层, 叶片含水率, 植株含水率, 反射光谱, 光谱指数

Abstract: Three types (good, moderate, and bad) of sampling shelterbelt plots were chosen, based on the internal structure and growth conditions of the shelterbelts in the typical farmland shelterbelt regions-Yushu, Nong’an, Dehui and Fuyu in the western Jilin Province of Northeast China. The soil temperature and humidity, air temperature, and crop yields were observed. The farmland soil moisture content at the depths of 5 cm and 10 cm in good plots had somewhat increase comparing with that in bad plots, the increment being 1.03% and 0.89% in Dehui, 0.21% and 0.23% in Yushu, 1.48% and 1.42% in Fuyu, and 0.85% and 0.65% in Nong’an, respectively. In contrast, the maximal farmland soil temperature at the depths of 5 cm and 10 cm and the air temperature in good plots had somewhat decrease comparing with that in bad plots, the decrement being 1.42 ℃, 1.86 ℃ and 1.29 ℃ in Dehui,  0.89 ℃, 2.27 ℃ and 0.88 ℃ in Nong’an,  2.52 ℃, 3.93 ℃ and 0.95 ℃ in Yushu, and 1.6 ℃, 4 ℃ and 0.36 ℃in Fuyu, respectively. No significant difference was found in the crop yield between these two plots. In the study areas, shelterbelts played important roles in improving microclimates, increasing farmland
 soil moisture content, and decreasing the extent of temperature change.

Key words: Wheat, Leaf layer, Leaf water content, Plant water content, Reflectance spectra, Spectral index