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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (04): 611-616.

• 研究报告 •    下一篇

亚热带常绿人工针叶林冠层内光能利用率

 王军邦|张秀娟|韩海荣   

  1. 1中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101|2北京林业大学, 北京 100083|3长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州 434025   
  • 出版日期:2010-04-09 发布日期:2010-04-09

Light use efficiency within the canopies of subtropical evergreen needle-leaf plantations.

 WANG Jun-Bang,ZHANG Xiu-Juan,HAN Hai-Rong,WU Chu   

  1. 1Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2 College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;3College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jinzhou 434025, Hubei, China
  • Online:2010-04-09 Published:2010-04-09

摘要: 以我国南方主要造林树种湿地松(Pinus elliottii)、马尾松(P. massoniana)、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)为研究对象,采用Li-6400便携式CO2/H2O红外气体分析仪测定生长中期(7月)和后期(10月)树冠内部不同层次(上层和下层)、方位(阳面和阴面)和叶龄(当年生和1年生)光环境、净光合速率(Pn)计算了光能利用效率(LUE)。结果表明:光合有效辐射(PAR)在树冠不同层次和方位间存在显著差异(P<0.05);当年生叶所处环境PAR高于1年生叶所处环境PAR,即在一定光环境之下发育的叶片往往被后来形成的新叶所遮荫。两时期3树种上层针叶的Pn均高于下层针叶;生长中期下层针叶的LUE高于上层叶,而生长后期层次间LUE相近或下层针叶不及上层针叶。不同方位针叶Pn因树种不同而不同,湿地松和马尾松阳面叶Pn高于阴面叶,而杉木阴面叶Pn高于阳面叶;两时期3树种阴面叶LUE均高于阳面叶。总体而言,叶片Pn和LUE对森林树冠内部光环境做出较强的可塑性。由于当年生针叶生理机能和光环境均优于1年生针叶,两时期3树种当年生针叶Pn均高于1年生针叶;生长中期湿地松和马尾松当年生叶LUE高于1年生针叶,杉木不同年龄针叶LUE较为相近,生长后期马尾松当年生叶LUE高于1年生,湿地松和杉木1年生叶LUE与当年生叶相近。如果采用当年生针叶Pn推算整个树冠光合能力,生长中期湿地松和马尾松整个树冠光合能力分别将会高估7.4%和14.5%,生长后期2树种将分别高估14.2%和40.0%。光有效性与叶片年龄相互作用影响整个树冠光合水平,森林通过调整叶片LUE来适应冠层内部光环境以最大限度进行碳固定。

关键词: 番茄, 氮肥, 养分吸收, 钙肥

Abstract: Taking the main afforestation tree species Pinus elliottii, P. massoniana, and Cunninghamia lanceolata in South China as test objects, their needles photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), net photosynthetic rate, and light use efficiency (LUE) at different canopy positions were measured with portable Li-6400 CO2/H2O infrared analyzer in July (mid growth period) and October (late growth period). For the  three tree species, their LUE at lower canopies was higher than that at upper canopies in July, but similar with or lower than that at upper canopies in October. North-facing needles had higher LUE than south-facing needles both in July and in October. Overall, the needles and LUE had stronger photosynthetic plasticity to light environment. The LUE of current-year needles was higher than that of one-year old ones. In July, the LUE of current year P. elliottii and P. massoniana needles was higher than that of one-year old ones, and the LUE of different-aged C. lanceolata needles was similar; but in October, the LUE of current-year P. massoniana needles was higher than that of one-year old ones, and the LUE of different-aged P. elliottii and C. lanceolata needles was similar. The photosynthes is of whole canopy was affected by the interaction of light availability and leaf age. It was suggested that forest could assimilate more carbon from atmosphere via adjusting its leaf LUE to adapt the light environment within canopy.

Key words: Tomato, Nitrogen fertilizer, Nutrient uptake, Calcium fertilizer