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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (05): 887-891.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

青鲜素与谷胱甘肽对万寿菊镉积累的影响

张银秋1,2;台培东1**;李培军1;吴海燕1,2;方 英1,2;杜彦玲1,2;董殿波1,2;赵 青1,2   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室,沈阳 110016;2中国科学院研究生院,北京 100039
  • 出版日期:2010-05-10 发布日期:2010-05-10

Effects of maleic hydrazide and glutathione on Cd accumulation in Tagetes erecta L.

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Online:2010-05-10 Published:2010-05-10

摘要: 通过水培试验研究了细胞分裂抑制剂青鲜素(MH)对万寿菊(Tagetes erecta L.)生理生化指标及不同部位叶片Cd积累的影响及在MH处理下,外源喷施含硫化合物半胱氨酸(Cys)及谷胱甘肽(GSH)对万寿菊Cd积累的作用。结果表明:0.1 mg·L-1 Cd溶液中添加4 mmol·L-1MH并未对万寿菊体内的丙二醛(MDA)含量、硝酸还原酶(NR)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性产生明显影响。在连续3 d对万寿菊不同部位叶片取样分析结果表明,未加MH的Cd溶液中(对照),万寿菊顶部叶片Cd含量由0.81 mg·kg-1上升至4.89 mg·kg-1,而中部及底部叶片Cd含量分别由0.24和0.32 mg·kg-1上升至1.34 和1.71 mg·kg-1,说明Cd优先积累在万寿菊的顶部叶片中,即Cd主要积累于地上部的生长点;而加入MH后则显著抑制了万寿菊顶部叶中Cd积累,其顶部叶片Cd含量仅由0.28 mg·kg-1上升至2.15 mg·kg-1 ,与对照相比显著降低,中部及底部叶片Cd含量的增加与对照相比则差异不显著,表明细胞分裂与植物Cd积累存在一定的关系,旺盛的细胞分裂将促进万寿菊叶片对Cd的积累。通过喷施GSH能够逆转MH对万寿菊地上部Cd积累的抑制,而Cys则无此效果,由此可以推断GSH在植物Cd积累中起着十分重要的作用,其所参与的新陈代谢过程或自身与Cd作用促进了万寿菊地上部对Cd的积累。

关键词: 有机废弃物, 生物降解, CO2释放, C/N比, 温度, 含水量, pH

Abstract: A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the effects of cell division inhibitor maleic hydrazide (MH) on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Tagetes erecta L., and the Cd accumulation in T. erecta leaves at different positions under the stress of 0.1 mg Cd·L-1. Meanwhile, the Scontaining compounds cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH) were foliar-sprayed to investigate their effects on the Cd accumulation. The results showed that adding 4 mmol MH·L-1 to the culture solution had no obvious effects on the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and nitrate reductase and superoxide dismutase activities of T. erecta. In the control (without MH addition), the Cd concentration of top part leaves in consecutive three days increased from 0.81 to 4.89 mg·kg-1, while that of mid and bottom part leaves increased from 0.24 and 0.32 mg·kg-1 to 1.34 and 1.71 mg·kg-1, respectively, illustrating that Cd first accumulated in top part leaves, i.e., the growth point of the plant. Adding MH to the solution inhibited the Cd accumulation in top part leaves significantly (P<0.05), but had less effects on the Cd accumulation in mid and bottom part leaves, compared with the control, which suggested that Cd accumulation in leaves had definite relations with cell division, in other words, exuberant cell division could promote leaf Cd accumulation. Foliar-spraying GSH alleviated the inhibitory effect of MH, while foliar-spraying Cys had less effect, suggesting that GSH participated in the metabolism of the plant, or interact with Cd, and thereby, the Cd level in plant shoots increased.

Key words: Organic wastes, Bio-degradation, CO2 evolution, C/N ratio, Temperature, Water content, pH