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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (10): 2003-2009.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

施用尿素对土壤中Cd、Pb形态分布及植物有效性的影响

陈 苏1,孙丽娜1**,孙铁珩2,晁 雷3   

  1. 1沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室,沈阳 110044;2中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳 110016;3辽宁省环境科学研究院,沈阳 110031
  • 出版日期:2010-10-08 发布日期:2010-10-08

Influence of urea fertilization on the speciation distribution and phytoavailability of cadmium and lead in soil.

CHEN Su1, SUN Li-na1, SUN Tie-heng2, CHAO Lei3   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044|2Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China|3Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang 110031, China
  • Online:2010-10-08 Published:2010-10-08

摘要: 采用室外盆栽试验,研究了在镉(25 mg·kg-1)、铅(1000 mg·kg-1)单一污染及其复合污染的土壤中,施用不同剂量尿素(0、100、200、400、800 mg·kg-1)对小麦根际和非根际土壤镉、铅形态、小麦植物体镉、铅浓度的影响,为重金属污染土壤的防治提供依据。结果表明:增加尿素施用水平显著提高了小麦不同部位镉、铅浓度,尿素施用促进小麦对镉、铅的吸收与其对土壤中镉、铅形态分布的影响紧密相关,尿素施用引起土壤pH下降,提高土壤中交换态镉、铅含量,而交换态是最易被植物吸收利用的部分,这是尿素施用提高镉、铅植物有效性的主要原因;与单一污染相比,镉、铅复合污染抑制了小麦对铅的吸收,但促进了小麦对镉的吸收。

关键词: 土地利用类型, 暴雨径流, 重金属流失, 人工降雨

Abstract: A pot experiment was conducted to study the influence of different urea fertilization levels (0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg·kg-1) on the speciation distribution of Cd and Pb in rhizospheric and bulk soils and the Cd and Pb concentrations in wheat plants under single (Cd=25 mg·kg-1, Pb=1000 mg·kg-1) and combined (Cd+Pb=25+1000 mg·kg-1) contamination of soil, aimed to provide basis for the control of heavy metals-polluted soils. The results showed that with increasing urea fertilization level, the Cd and Pb concentrations in different parts of wheat improved significantly. The promotion effect of urea fertilization on Cd and Pb uptake by wheat was closely correlated with the influence of urea fertilization on the speciation distribution of Cd and Pb in soil. Urea fertilization decreased soil pH, and increased the contents of soil exchangeable Cd and Pb, the most available speciation for plant uptake, being the main reason of urea fertilization promoted the phytoavailability of soil Cd and Pb. Compared with single contamination, the combined contamination of Cd and Pb restrained the Pb uptake but facilitated the Cd uptake by wheat.

Key words: Land use type, Surface runoff, Heavy metals, Artificial rainstorm