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生态学杂志 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (6): 53-56.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

半圈养条件下东北虎繁殖期的行为时间分配

滕丽微1,2, 刘振生2, 李枫2, 姜广顺2, 刘丹3, 周晓禹3, 郭玉蓉3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院动物研究所, 北京, 100080;
    2. 东北林业大学野生动物资源学院, 哈尔滨, 150040;
    3. 黑龙江东北虎林园, 哈尔滨, 150027
  • 收稿日期:2002-04-05 修回日期:2003-01-20 出版日期:2003-12-10
  • 基金资助:
    国家林业局科技指南研究资助项目(97-27)

Time budget of breeding behaviors of Amur tiger in Heilongjiang Amur Tiger Park

TENG Liwei1,2, LIU Zhensheng2, LI Feng2, JIANG Guangshun2, LIU Dan3, ZHOU Xiaoyu3, GUO Yurong3   

  1. 1. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China;
    2. College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
    3. Heilongjiang Amur Tiger Park, Harbin 150027, China
  • Received:2002-04-05 Revised:2003-01-20 Online:2003-12-10

摘要: 1998年10月~2000年10月在黑龙江东北虎林园,采用随机取样法和瞬时扫描取样法对繁殖期东北虎的行为进行了研究.结果表明,在繁殖期的不同阶段东北虎的行为发生较大的变化.在发情交配期雌雄虎的时间分配相似(P>0.05),均将最多的时间用于运动,用于休息的时间较少,用于发情交配和其它行为的时间较多.雌虎在妊娠期较多的时间用于休息和运动,取食、站立、社会和其它行为的时间均较少;产仔期最多的时间用于休息,其次是运动,用于产仔和其它行为的时间较多,用于取食的时间最少;哺乳期最多的时间用于休息,其次是哺乳和运动,用于取食和其它行为的时间较少.活动规律方面,各种行为在强度、出现和持续的时间上存在较大差异.单因素方差分析表明,在繁殖期的不同阶段雌性东北虎的休息和运动存在极显著差异(P<0.001),取食存在显著差异(P<0.05),只有其它行为不存在显著差异(P>0.05).100日龄内幼虎用于休息的时间最多,其次是运动和取食,其它行为的时间最少.

关键词: 景观尺度, 生态系统生产力, 过程模型, 遥感数据, 地面数据, 净初级生产力, 长白山自然保护区

Abstract: Observations on breeding behaviors of Amur tiger were made at Heilongjiang Amur Tiger Park, Harbin from October 1998 to 2000,with random and instantaneous scanning sampling methods. During different phases, there were clear variations in behaviors of Amur tiger. The time budget of male and female Amur tiger were similar during rutting periods(P>0.05). Amur tiger spent most time in moving, more time in rutting, copulating and other behaviors, and less time in resting. During gestation periods, it spent more time in resting, moving, and less time in eating, standing, social and other behaviors. During parturition periods, it spent most time in resting, more time in moving, giving birth and other behaviors, and less time in eating. During nursing periods, it spent most time in resting, more time in nursing, moving, and less time in eating and other behaviors. For Amur tiger of 0~100 days, it spent most time in resting, more time in moving, eating, and less time in other behaviors. In activity rhythm, there were more significant differences in intensity, onset and duration of various behaviors. Resting and moving behaviors(P<0.001)showed more significant changes in different phases, and eating behavior(P<0.05)showed significant changes. In contrast, other behaviors(P>0.05)showed no significant changes.

Key words: Ecosystem productivity, Process model, Landscape scale, Remote sensing data, Surface data, Net primary productivity, Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve

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