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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (07): 1484-1490.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

敌百虫对中国花鲈的毒性效应

朱友芳1**,洪万树2   

  1. 1福建莆田市水产科学研究所, 福建莆田 351100;2厦门大学海洋与环境学院, 福建厦门 361005
  • 出版日期:2011-07-08 发布日期:2011-07-08

Toxic effects of trichlorfon on perch Lateolabrax maculatus.

ZHU You-fang1**, HONG Wan-shu2   

  1. 1Putian Municipal Institute of Fishery Science, Putian 351100, Fujian, China; 2College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
  • Online:2011-07-08 Published:2011-07-08

摘要: 为了给中国花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)病害防治提供根据,研究了不同浓度的敌百虫对中国花鲈鱼苗和幼鱼的急性毒性,检测了幼鱼肝脏的谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活力,测定了暴露在不同浓度敌百虫中幼鱼的红细胞总核异率和微核率。结果表明:敌百虫对中国花鲈鱼苗24、48、72和96 h的半致死浓度分别为7.76、3.02、1.74和1.58 mg·L-1,安全浓度为0.14mg·L-1;对幼鱼24、48、72和96 h的半致死浓度分别为10.96、6.15、3.98和2.89 mg·L-1,安全浓度为0.58 mg·L-1。濒死的中国花鲈肝脏组织有溶解性坏死灶。幼鱼在不同浓度的敌百虫中暴露48 h,随着敌百虫浓度的升高GSH含量先下降后恢复再下降;MDA含量先上升后恢复;各组SOD活力与对照组比较无显著的差异;CAT活力先下降后恢复;GPT活力维持在低水平;GOT活力在1.35和2.70 mg·L-1实验组下降;AChE活力先下降后略回升。GSH和MDA含量以及CAT、GPT、GOT和AChE活力对敌百虫胁迫敏感而SOD活力则不敏感;幼鱼在敌百虫浓度为1.45 mg·L-1的实验组中暴露96 h,其红细胞的总核异率与对照组比较显著升高(P<0.05);在0.73 mg·L-1实验组中暴露96 h,红细胞的微核率与对照组比较显著升高(P<0.05)。

关键词: 温度效应, 产甲烷菌, 甲烷氧化菌

Abstract: In order to provide reference data for the disease control in Chinese perch (Lateolabrax maculatus) culture, this paper studied the acute toxicity of different concentration trichlorfon to the perch fry and juvenile. The GSH and MDA concentrations and SOD, CAT, GOT, GPT, and AChE activities in juvenile liver were determined, and the total dyskaryosis and micronuclear rates of juvenile erythrocytes were calculated. The LC50 for the perch fry exposed to trichlorfon was 7.76 mg·L-1 (24 h), 3.02 mg·L-1 (48 h), 1.74 mg·L-1 (72 h) and 1.58 mg·L-1 (96 h), and the safe concentration was 0.14 mg·L-1; while the LC50 for the perch juvenile exposed to trichlorfon was 10.96 mg·L-1 (24 h), 6.15 mg·L-1 (48 h), 3.98 mg·L-1 (72 h) and 2.89 mg·L-1 (96 h), and the safe concentration was 0.58 mg·L-1. Lytic necrosis was observed in the liver tissues of agonal individuals. After exposed to trichlorfon for 48 h, and with the increase of trichlorfon concentration, the juvenile liver’s GSH concentration decreased first, then recovered, and decreased again, MDA concentration increased first and recovered then, SOD activity had no significant difference with that of the control group, CAT activity decreased first and recovered then, GPT activity maintained at lower level, GOT activity of 1.35 and 2.70 mg·L-1  trichlorfon groups decreased, and AChE activity had a slight increase after an initial decrease. The GSH and MDA concentrations and the CAT, GPT、GOT and AChE activities were sensitive, while the SOD activity was not sensitive to the trichlorfon stress. After exposed to 1.45 mg·L-1 and 0.73 mg·L-1 of trichlorfon for 96 h, the juvenile’s total erythrocyte dyskaryosis rate and micronuclear rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of the control group respectively.

Key words: Temperature effectiveness, Methanogen, Methanotroph