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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (05): 897-901.

• 汞的生物地球化学专辑 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州省某土法炼锌点土壤重金属污染现状

李仲根1**,冯新斌1,闭向阳2,孙广义3,崔丽峰1,4,王建旭1,4,刘涛泽1   

  1. 1中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 550002;2生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室| 中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院, 武汉 430074;3黑龙江省地质调查研究总院, 哈尔滨 150036;4中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
  • 出版日期:2011-05-08 发布日期:2011-05-08

Present situation of soil heavy metals contamination in an artisanal zinc-smelting zone of Guizhou, China.

LI Zhong-gen1**, FENG Xin-bin1, BI Xiang-yang2, SUN Guang-yi3, CUI Li-Feng1,4, WANG Jian-xu1,4, LIU Tao-ze1   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China|2Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China|3Heilongjiang Institute of Geological Survey, Harbin 150036, China|4Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Online:2011-05-08 Published:2011-05-08

摘要: 对贵州省赫章县新官寨土法炼锌点的土壤重金属含量及空间分布进行了研究,以了解土法炼锌活动停止以后土壤重金属的污染状况。结果表明,当地农业土壤重金属的平均含量分别为Pb 337、Zn 648、Cd 9.0、Hg 0.44、Cu 121和As 17 mg·kg-1,分别是贵州省农业土壤背景值的7.5、7.9、26.4、2.2、4.7和0.8倍。单项污染指数显示,土壤Cd的污染最重,依次为Zn、Pb、As、Hg和Cu。综合污染指数揭示,该土法炼锌点4 km范围内的表层农业土壤严重污染。土壤中的污染物主要累积于表层30 cm内,30 cm以下浓度较低。土壤Zn和Cd具有较高的活性和迁移性,峰值已向下迁移15~20 cm。

关键词: 石灰性紫色土, 土壤剖面, 锌形态

Abstract: An investigation was made on the farmland soil heavy metals concentration and their spatial distribution in a former artisanal zinc-smelting zone of Xinguanzhai, Hezhang County, Guizhou Province, aimed to assess the soil heavy metals contamination after the ceasing of artisanal zinc-smelting activities. The average concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, Cu, and As in surface soil were 337, 648, 9.0, 0.44, 121, and 17 mg·kg-1, being 7.5, 7.9, 26.4, 2.2, 4.7 and 0.8 times as higher as the background values of Guizhou farmland soils, respectively. The single factor pollution index revealed that Cd was the most serious contaminant, followed by Zn, Pb, As, Hg, and Cu. The integral pollution index indicated that within the range of 4 km in the zone, surface soil underwent serious heavy metals combined contamination. Most of the heavy metals accumulated in upper 30 cm soil layer and reduced with soil depth, while Zn and Cd moved downward 15-20 cm due to their higher activity and mobility.

Key words: Calcareous purple soil, Soil profile, Zinc form