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濒危植物朝鲜崖柏克隆种群可塑性及其对土壤条件的响应

尹航,金慧*,赵莹,刘丽杰,秦立武,贾翔,王超,李冰岩   

  1. (长白山科学研究院, 长白山生物群落与生物多样性吉林省联合重点实验室, 吉林延边 133613)
  • 出版日期:2019-03-10 发布日期:2019-03-10

Clonal population plasticity of endangered plant species Thuja koraiensis and its response to soil factors.

YIN Hang, JIN Hui*, ZHAO Ying, LIU Li-jie, QIN Li-wu, JIA Xiang, WANG Chao, LI Bing-yan   

  1. (Jilin Provincial Joint Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Biocoenosie and Biodiversity, Changbaishan Academy of Sciences, Yanbian 133613, Jilin, China).
  • Online:2019-03-10 Published:2019-03-10

摘要: 朝鲜崖柏为长白山植物区系特有树种,是国家Ⅱ级重点保护的珍稀濒危植物。通过调查长白山区天然分布朝鲜崖柏种群的生境条件和克隆构件的形态学指标,分析了朝鲜崖柏克隆种群特征,并基于构件理论,采用灰色关联及通径分析方法,对种群构件与土壤因子的关系进行研究。结果表明:1)朝鲜崖柏克隆种群具有较强的表型可塑性,分布于暗针叶林下的朝鲜崖柏克隆种群分株间隔子长、地上扩张域、分株间距高于朝鲜崖柏纯林群落,种群构件变异性较高。2)朝鲜崖柏克隆生长格局介于密集型和游击型之间,具有快速克隆扩张能力和明显的斑块状。在土壤贫瘠的纯林群落内,种群更趋近于密集型分布;在土壤条件较好的暗针叶林下,更趋于游击型分布。3)朝鲜崖柏克隆种群生长对土壤异质性的响应具有特殊性,土壤水分是影响朝鲜崖柏种群扩张的最关键因子,土壤pH值、土壤腐殖酸、土壤速效磷、土壤速效钾是影响朝鲜崖柏克隆种群构件较重要的因子。4)土壤养分直接影响克隆植物构件特征及生态适应对策,各克隆分株构件受土壤养分影响的排序为速效磷>速效钾>有机质>全氮。

关键词: 开放式空气CO2浓度增高(FACE), 稻麦轮作, 系统平台结构和控制

Abstract: Thuja koraiensis, an endemic tree species in the Changbai Mountain, is listed as the China’s national second-level protected plant species. In this study, we investigated the habitat conditions and morphological indices of the naturally distributed T. koraiensis population in Changbai Mountain, to analyze its clonal population characteristics. We used grey relational analysis and path analysis to examine the relationship between population modules and soil factors based on the module theory. The results showed that: (1) The clonal population of T. koraiensis had strong phenotypic plasticity. The clonal population with patches distributed under dark coniferous forests had longer spacer length, larger aboveground expansion domain, higher ramet spacing than the population in T. koraiensis pure forest. The population modules had higher variability. (2) The clonal growth pattern of T. koraiensis was between intensive and guerrilla type. It had rapid clonal expansion ability and obvious patch distribution. In the pure forest community with nutrientpoor soil, the clonal growth pattern was closer to the intensive distribution. Under the dark coniferous forest with better soil conditions, the clonal growth pattern tended to be guerrilla distribution. (3) The response of T. koraiensis clonal population growth to soil heterogeneity was specific. Soil moisture was the most important factor affecting the expansion of T. koraiensis population. Soil pH, soil humic acid, soil available phosphorus, and soil available potassium were important factors affecting the clonal population modules of T. koraiensis. (4) Soil nutrients directly affected the characteristics of clonal modules and ecological adaptation strategies. The soil nutrients affecting each clonal module were in order of soil available phosphorus > soil available potassium > soil organic matter > soil total nitrogen.