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不同生活史时期福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)对酸胁迫的响应

靳书瑞1,2,罗渡1,张海涛1,牟希东1,胡隐昌1*   

  1. 1中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 农业农村部休闲渔业重点实验室, 广东省现代休闲渔业工程技术研究中心, 广州 510380;2上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306)
  • 出版日期:2019-05-10 发布日期:2019-05-10

Responses of the invasive golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) at different life-history stages to acidic stress.

JIN Shu-rui1,2, LUO Du1, ZHANG Hai-tao1, MU Xi-dong1, HU Yin-chang1*   

  1. (1Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Recreational Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Modern Recreational Fisheries Engineering Technology Center, Guangzhou 510380, China; 2College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China).
  • Online:2019-05-10 Published:2019-05-10

摘要: 为探究不同生活史阶段的福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)对酸性环境胁迫的响应差异,本文研究了壳高为5、10、15、20、25、30、40、50、60 mm的福寿螺在酸性环境下的生存行为和致死效应。结果表明:当pH≥4.0时,福寿螺在7 d内的活动、产卵行为正常,其对酸性刺激的反应随酸度的增加而越发剧烈;pH=2.0条件下的半致死时间(LT50)小于pH=3.0条件下的LT50;壳高40 mm组福寿螺的LT50(22.95 h)最大,壳高60 mm组福寿螺的LT50(13.55 h)最小;福寿螺的死亡率存在显著的壳高差异(P<0.001)和时间差异(P<0.001),壳高和时间的交互作用显著(P<0.001);pH=2.0条件下,24和30 h时,壳高40 mm组福寿螺的死亡率分别为46.67%±11.50%和53.33%±11.50%,均显著低于其他组;pH=3.0条件下,24 h时壳高60 mm组福寿螺的死亡率(86.67%±11.50%)最高,壳高5~50 mm不同大小的福寿螺死亡率没有显著差异;30 h时,壳高40 mm组福寿螺的死亡率(66.67%±11.50%)低于其他组,而壳高5、10、20和60 mm组的福寿螺死亡率均达100%,显著高于40 mm组的福寿螺;福寿螺的耐酸性随发育期不同呈先升高后降低的抛物线形;阐明不同发育期福寿螺对逆境胁迫的差异响应,有助于从生活史上解释其生态适应性机制和入侵策略。

关键词: 蕹菜, 品种, 根际, 土壤化学特征, 低Cd积累

Abstract: To examine the differences in responses of the invasive golden apple snails at various life-history stages to acidic stress, the survival behavior and lethal effect of Pomacea canaliculata with shell height of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, and 60 mm in the acidic environment were examined. At pH≥4, movement and spawning of P. canaliculata was normal within seven days, and its reactions to the acidic stress became stronger with the increases of acidity. The median lethal time (LT50) at pH=2.0 was less than that at pH=3.0. The LT50 was the largest in the 40 mm shell height group (22.95 h), while it was the smallest in the 60 mm shell height group (13.55 h). There were significant differences in mortality among different shell height groups (P<0.001) and among different time (P<0.001). The interaction between shell-height effect and timeeffect was significant (P<0.001). At pH=2.0, the mortality rates of P. canaliculata with shell height of 40 mm at 24 h and 30 h were 46.67%±11.50% and 53.33%±11.50%, respectively, being significantly lower than those in other groups. At pH=3, the mortality of P. canaliculata with shell height of 60 mm was 86.67%±11.50% at 24 h. The mortality (66.67%±11.50%) of P. canaliculata with shell height of 40 mm was lower than the other groups at 30 h. The mortality of P. canaliculata in the groups of 5, 10, 20 and 60 mm was 100%. Therefore, the variation of the snails’ acid resistance was parabolic shaped, with an increase following a decline along with the snail’s development. By illustrating the responses of the snails at various developmental stages to acidic stresses, our results would help explain their ecological adaptation mechanism and invasion strategy from the view of life-history.

Key words: water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica),  , cultivar, rhizosphere, soil chemical characteristics, low Cd accumulation.