关键词: 积雪覆盖, 黑龙江流域, MODIS, 时空变异

Abstract: The avoidance distance from road is the trade-off between resources availability and predation risk of wildlife. To provide protection strategies for wild ungulates, an investigation was conducted in June and August 2010 to study the avoidance distances of the ungulates Tibetan gazelle(Procapra picticaudata), Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii), Kiang (Equus kiang), and wild yak (Bos grunniens) from Qinghai-Tibet Highway in Kekexili, and the effects of traffic flow on the avoidance distances of Tibetan gazelle and Tibetan antelope. The avoidance distances of the four ungulates decreased in the order of wild yak (999.00 m±304.17 m), Kiang (568.39 m±8323 m), Tibetan antelope (286.31 m±26.73 m), and Tibetan gazelle (176.97 m±14.47 m), and there existed significant differences among the four avoidance distances. Traffic flow had no effects on the avoidance distances of Tibetan gazelle and Tibetan antelope, which might be related to the low sensitivities of the two ungulates to the regular disturbance. It was suggested that the establishment of wildlife channels, limited human activities, and adjustment of the distances between roads would be the efficient ways to decrease the negative effects of road on wildlife.

Key words: snow cover, Heilongjiang Basin, MODIS, the spatial and temporal changes.