不同作业方式对落叶松人工林土壤养分及酶活性的影响

生态学杂志

不同作业方式对落叶松人工林土壤养分及酶活性的影响

张景普^1,2,3，于立忠^1,3*，刘利芳^1,3，张金鑫^1,3，高尚林⁴，张文儒⁴，刘成宇^5

（¹中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所，沈阳 110016； ^2中国科学院大学，北京 100049； ^3中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站，辽宁清原 113312； ^4辽宁省清原县大苏河林场，辽宁清原 113312； ⁵辽宁省清原县北三家林场，辽宁清原 113300）

出版日期:2016-06-10 发布日期:2016-06-10

Effects of different silvicultural ways on soil nutrients and enzyme activity in larch plantation.

ZHANG Jing-pu^1,2,3, YU Li-zhong^1,3*, LIU Li-fang^1,3, ZHANG Jin-xin^1,3, GAO Shang-lin⁴, ZHANG Wen-ru⁴, LIU Cheng-yu^5#br#

(¹Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; ²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; ³Qingyuan Forest CERN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingyuan 113312, Liaoning, China; ^4Dasuhe Forest Farm, Qingyuan 113312, Liaoning, China; ⁵Beisanjia Forest Farm, Qingyuan 113300, Liaoning, China).

Online:2016-06-10 Published:2016-06-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文以22年生落叶松人工林为研究对象，通过分析不同作业方式（对照：900株·hm^-2；中度间伐：750株·hm^-2；强度间伐：450株·hm^-2；皆伐：0株·hm^-2）不同土层（表层：0～10 cm；亚表层：10～20 cm）土壤养分、土壤酶活性的变化以及土壤养分和酶活性之间关系，揭示不同作业方式对落叶松人工林土壤肥力的影响。结果表明：(1)与对照相比，强度间伐显著降低表层土壤全氮和全磷含量，以及亚表层土壤的全碳、全氮、全磷含量和pH，皆伐仅降低表层土壤的全磷和亚表层土壤的全氮和全磷含量，但强度间伐与皆伐对土壤有效磷和无机氮无显著影响；(2)与对照相比，中度间伐显著提高表层土壤酚氧化酶、外切葡萄糖苷酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性，而强度间伐显著降低表层和亚表层土壤酸性磷酸酶活性，皆伐显著降低表层土壤的酸性磷酸酶活性；(3)与对照相比，中度和强度间伐均显著提高土壤多种酶（酚氧化酶、外切葡萄糖苷酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和N-乙酰-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶）的相对活性，皆伐只显著提高酚氧化酶/全氮的活性；(4) 相关分析表明：5种酶与土壤全碳、全氮、全磷、无机氮均呈极显著相关。综上，中度间伐既有利于提高土壤酶活性，又未显著减少土壤养分含量，为落叶松人工林生态系统的可持续经营提供科学依据。

关键词: 低镁胁迫, 低温, 叶绿素, 光合作用, 黄瓜

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different silvicultural ways on soil fertility in the larch plantation. One 22-year-old larch stand was chosen and treated with four treatments (control treatment: 900 trees·hm^-2, medium thinning treatment: 750 trees·hm^-2, heavy thinning treatment: 450 trees·hm^-2, clear cutting treatment: 0 tree·hm^-2). Soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities in the top (0-10 cm) and subtop (10-20 cm) soil layers and their relationships were analyzed. Our results showed that (1) compared with the control, total carbon and total phosphorus in the top soil layer, and total carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and pH in the subtop soil layer significantly decreased in the heavy thinning treatment. In addition, total phosphorus in the top soil layer and total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the subtop soil layer significantly decreased after clear cutting. The heavy thinning and clear cutting treatments did not significantly change soil available phosphorus and inorganic nitrogen contents. (2) Compared with the control, the activities of phenol oxidase, exoglucanase and N-acetyl-β-cosaminidase significantly increased in the top soil layer under the medium thinning treatment, while acid phosphatase activity significantly decreased in the top and sub-top soil layers under the heavy thinning treatment and in the top soil layer under the clear cutting treatment. (3) Compared with the control, the specific enzyme activities (i.e., normalized to soil total C and N), including phenol oxidase, exoglucanase, β-glucosidase, and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, significantly increased in both two studied soil layers under the medium and heavy thinning treatments. How-ever, there were no significant differences in phenol oxidase, exoglucanase, β-glucosidase, and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase activities between the control and clear cutting treatments, except for the phenol oxidase activity. (4) The results of correlation analyses showed that the studied enzymes were significantly related to total carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and inorganic nitrogen contents. In conclusion, medium thinning was more advantageous to sustaining soil fertility in the larch plantation.

Key words: low magnesium stress, low temperature, chlorophyll, photosynthesis, Cucumis sativa.

张景普1,2,3，于立忠1,3*，刘利芳1,3，张金鑫1,3，高尚林4，张文儒4，刘成宇5. 不同作业方式对落叶松人工林土壤养分及酶活性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

ZHANG Jing-pu1,2,3, YU Li-zhong1,3*, LIU Li-fang1,3, ZHANG Jin-xin1,3, GAO Shang-lin4, ZHANG Wen-ru4, LIU Cheng-yu5. Effects of different silvicultural ways on soil nutrients and enzyme activity in larch plantation.[J]. cje.

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