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沙颍河流域沉积物重金属污染特征及生态风险评价

钟明,万云,万安,胡金,安树青,冷欣*   

  1. (南京大学生命科学学院, 南京 210046)
  • 出版日期:2016-07-10 发布日期:2016-07-10

Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of Shaying River.

ZHONG Ming, WAN Yun, WAN An, HU Jin, AN Shu-qing, LENG Xin*   

  1. (School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China).
  • Online:2016-07-10 Published:2016-07-10

摘要: 为了解沙颍河流域沉积物重金属污染分布特征,于2013年5月采集沙颍河干流与支流共35个样点的表层沉积物,测定7种重金属(As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Pb和Zn)的含量。结果表明,沙颍河流域沉积物中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Pb和Zn的平均含量分别为8.49、0.35、51.4、27.2、0.094、26.8和111.8 mg·kg-1。Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb和Zn的平均含量均高于河南省土壤背景值,在不同程度上受到人为活动的影响。地积累指数统计结果表明,各重金属污染程度为Cd>Hg>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>As,其中Cd污染最严重,91.43%的样点受到Cd污染。潜在生态危害指数结果表明,各重金属的生态风险为Cd>Hg>As>Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr,Cd表现为很强风险,Hg表现为强风险,其他5种重金属生态风险较低。整个沙颍河流域属颍河周口段及其支流贾鲁河和清潩河的重金属污染问题最为突出,应该引起当地环保部门的重视。

关键词: 番茄, 亚低温胁迫, 干旱胁迫, 光合特性, 能量及电子流分配

Abstract: In order to understand the pollution status of heavy metals in the sediments of Shaying River, we acquired the surface sediments and determined the concentrations of 7 heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) in May 2013. The results showed that the average contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn were 8.49, 0.35, 51.4, 27.2, 0.094, 26.8, and 111.8 mg·kg-1. Average contents of Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn elements were higher than the background values in soils of Henan Province. These five heavy metals were influenced by human activities at varying levels. The heavy metal contamination in sediments estimated by geo-accumulation index (Igeo) followed the order: Cd>Hg>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>As. The pollution of Cd was the most serious, and 91.43% of the samples were contaminated by Cd. The result of potential ecological risk index showed that the ecological risk of the heavy metals was: Cd>Hg>As>Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr. Cd showed a very strong risk, Hg was  of strong risk, and the other 5 kinds were of low risk. The heavy metals pollution of Zhoukou section of Yinghe River and its tributaries Jialu River and Qingyi River were prominent, which should arouse the attention of the local environmental protection departments.

Key words: tomato, sub-low temperature, drought, photosynthetic characteristics, distribution of energy and electron flow.