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氮素形态及配比对雷竹光合特性和氮代谢酶活性的影响

叶莉莎,陈双林*   

  1. (中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所, 杭州 311400)
  • 出版日期:2016-09-10 发布日期:2016-09-10

Effects of  nitrogen forms and  ratios on photosynthetic characters and enzyme activities in nitrogen metabolism of Phyllostachys violascens. 

YE Li-sha, CHEN Shuang-lin*#br#   

  1. (Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Forestry Academy, Hangzhou 311400, China).
  • Online:2016-09-10 Published:2016-09-10

摘要: 为给雷竹林的合理施用氮肥提供科学依据,通过盆栽试验,设置了硝铵比(NO3--N∶NH4+-N)为1∶0、2∶1、1∶1、1∶2、0∶1的5个氮素形态营养处理,测定了雷竹叶片叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)、类胡萝卜素(Car)含量和净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)光合参数以及硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性。结果表明:随氮素供应中NH4+-N比例的增加,雷竹叶片Chla、Chlb、Car含量和Pn、Gs、Tr均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,硝铵比1∶2处理明显高于其他处理,而Ci出现相反的变化规律,在硝铵比1∶2处理时明显低于其他处理;NR、GS活性随NH4+-N比例的增加也呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,且NH4+-N/NO3--N混合营养的处理间无显著差异,均高于单一氮素形态的营养处理。综合分析认为,雷竹为弱喜铵植物,但硝铵混合营养更能促进雷竹光合作用和氮同化能力。

关键词: 盐碱, 葡萄, 离子分布

Abstract: In order to provide scientific guidance for nitrogen fertilization in Phyllostachys violascens stands, a pot experiment was  carried out with five ratios of NO3--N∶NH4+-N at 1∶0, 2∶1, 1∶1, 1∶2 and 0∶1. Measured indicators included chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb) and carotenoids (Car) contents, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), and activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in leaves of Phyllostachys violascens. Results showed that, with increasing NH4+-N proportion in nitrogen supply, the  photosynthetic pigment contents, Gs, Ci and Tr  rose at first and then fell. These variables under the treatment of ammonium/nitrate ratio at 1∶2 were significantly higher than those under the other treatments, while Ci variation was opposite. With increasing the proportion of NH4+-N, the activities of NR and GS showed a trend of increase at first and then decrease, being not significantly different among the mixed nutrition treatment, but higher in the mixed nutrition treatments than in the single nitrogen treatments. Overall, it might be concluded that P. violascens  is a kind of plant that slightly prefers ammonium, and that mixture of ammonium and nitrate can facilitate leaf photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation.

Key words: salt and alkali, grapevine, ion distribution.