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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (07): 1756-1762.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

大沙鼠在柽柳沙包“肥岛”形成过程中的作用

徐文轩1,2,刘伟3,杨维康1**,汤超文1,2,David BLANK1   

  1. 1中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011;  2中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049;  3四川大学生命科学学院, 成都 610064)
  • 出版日期:2012-07-10 发布日期:2012-07-10

Role of Rhombomys opimus in the development of “fertile island” in tamarisk mounds in Junggar Basin.

XU Wen-xuan1,2, LIU Wei3, YANG Wei-kang1**, TANG Chao-wen1,2, David BLANK1   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; 2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China)
  • Online:2012-07-10 Published:2012-07-10

摘要: 灌木“肥岛”的形成和维持是物理和生物过程共同作用的结果。植物是影响灌木“肥岛”形成的关键因素;动物活动亦能影响土壤的理化性质,促进“肥岛”的形成。本文以中亚干旱区的代表性物种“柽柳”和“大沙鼠”为研究对象,研究了大沙鼠活动对柽柳沙包“肥岛”效应的影响。结果表明:无大沙鼠定居的柽柳沙包具有“肥岛”效应,但土壤养分含量并无显著提高;大沙鼠定居后,柽柳沙包出现明显的“肥岛”效应,土壤养分含量显著高于丘间对照地;大沙鼠活动促进了15~50 cm深层土壤养分的富集,速效氮含量甚至是相同深度无洞柽柳沙包的2倍以上。表明大沙鼠活动促进了柽柳沙包“肥岛”的形成。

关键词: 植物缓冲带, 最佳管理措施, 散流屏障, 股流槽

Abstract: Shrub “fertile island” is created and maintained by a combination of physically and biologically mediated processes. Plants are the key factor affecting the formation of “fertile island”, while the activities of burrowing animals can affect the soil physical and chemical properties, which promotes the development of the “fertile island”. In this paper, tamarisk (Tamarix spp.), a dominant shrub species growing in oasisdesert ecotone, and great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus), a widely distributed rodent in Central Asia, were taken as study objects to investigate the “fertile island” effect of R. opimus in tamarisk mounds in Junggar Basin. In the tamarisk mounds without the settlement of R. opimus, “fertile island” effect existed, but the soil nutrients contents had no significant increase. After the settlement of R. opimus, the tamarisk mounds showed obvious “fertile island” effect, with significantly higher soil nutrients contents than the intermound areas. The burrowing activities of R. opimus promoted the enrichment of nutrients in 15-50 cm soil layer, and the content of soil available nitrogen in the tamarisk mounds with R. opimus burrows was over 2 times higher than that in the mounds without R. opimus burrows at the same depths. Our study indicated that the burrowing activities of R. opimus promoted the development of “fertile island” in the tamarisk mounds.

Key words: riparian buffer, best management practice, level spreader, concentrated flow path.