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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (07): 1807-1816.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

粤东沿海典型供水水库沉积物重金属污染特征

张华俊1,顾继光1**,胡韧1,林国恩1,2,王钊3   

  1. 1暨南大学水生生物研究所, 广州 510632; 2广东省水文局梅州分局, 广东梅州 514021; 3广东省水文局, 广州 510150)
  • 出版日期:2012-07-10 发布日期:2012-07-10

Characteristics of heavy metals pollution in sediments of four reservoirs from the east coast of Guangdong Province, South China.

ZHANG Hua-jun1, GU Ji-guang1**, HU Ren1, LIN Guo-en1,2, WANG Zhao3   

  1. (1Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; 2 Hydrology Bureau of Meizhou City, Meizhou 514021, Guangdong, China; 3 Hydrology Bureau of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510150, China)
  • Online:2012-07-10 Published:2012-07-10

摘要: 通过测定广东省东部沿海地区4座典型供水水库柱状沉积物主要重金属(Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和Hg)含量,揭示了这4座水库沉积物重金属的污染特征及历史,并运用地积累指数及潜在生态危害指数法分别对表层沉积物重金属污染状态进行评价,最后分析了重金属可能来源。结果表明,除Cr外,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和Hg的含量均高于中国土壤环境质量标准Ⅰ类土标准值和工业化前全球沉积物重金属最高背景值,且4座水库间含量变异较大,表明4座水库沉积物均存在不同程度的重金属污染。据地积累指数评价,各重金属污染程度顺序为:Pb>Zn>Cd>Cu>Cr>Hg。潜在生态危害评价表明,河溪、汤溪及公平水库的生态危害程度要低于赤沙水库,各重金属污染程度顺序为:Cd>Hg>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr,其中Cd和Hg对综合生态危害指数的贡献最大。4座水库沉积物重金属含量与人类活动强度表现出了较强的相互关系,流域内人类活动较强的公平、赤沙水库污染程度要明显高于人类活动较少的河溪和汤溪水库。

关键词: 森林生态系统, 碳水关系, 水分利用效率, 模型, 全球变化

Abstract: To explore the characteristics of sediment heavy metals pollution and its history of four reservoirs in east coast of Guangdong Province, the main heavy metals Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Hg in the sediments were detected, and the pollution status of surface sediments was evaluated with geo-accumulation index and Hǎkanson potential ecological risk index, respectively. The possible sources of the heavy metals were also discussed. In the surface sediments of the four reservoirs, the contents of the test heavy metals except Cd all exceeded the Class I values of the China National Standards of Soil Environmental Quality and the highest background values of heavy metals in the global sediments before industrialization, and had great variation between the reservoirs, indicating that the sediments of these reservoirs had been polluted in different degrees. Geo-accumulation index of the four reservoirs showed that the pollution degree of the heavy metals followed the order Pb>Zn>Cd>Cu>Cr>Hg, and Hǎkanson potential ecological risk index indicated that the potential ecological risk of the heavy metals followed the order Cd>Hg>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr, of which, heavy metals Cd and Hg contributed most to the comprehensive ecological  risk index (RI). The sediment heavy metals contents had a strong correlation with human activities, and the two assessments all showed that the pollution status of Gongping Reservoir and Chisha Reservoir with stronger human activities were worse than that of Hexi Reservoir and Tangxi Reservoir with less human activities.

Key words: forest ecosystem, carbon and water interactions, water use efficiency, model, global change.