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三种转Bt水稻短期种植对土壤微生物生物量和线虫群落的影响

戚琳1,陈法军2,刘满强1**,陈小云1,祝向钰2,李辉信1,胡锋1   

  1. (1南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院土壤生态实验室, 南京 210095; 2南京农业大学植物保护学院, 南京 210095)
  • 出版日期:2013-04-10 发布日期:2013-04-10

Effects of short-term planting of three transgenic Bt rice lines on soil microbial biomass and soil nematode assemblage.

QI Lin1, CHEN Fa-jun2, LIU Man-qiang1**, CHEN Xiao-yun1, ZHU Xiang-yu2, LI Hui-xin1, HU Feng1   

  1. (1Soil Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)
  • Online:2013-04-10 Published:2013-04-10

摘要: 转基因水稻在商业化推广之前需要了解其对非靶标土壤生物的生态风险。通过2010年田间条件下种植转基因水稻HH1、T2A-1、T1C-19及其对应亲本非转基因品种MH63,研究了土壤微生物学性质及线虫数量、群落组成和生态指标的响应。结果表明,与对应亲本相比,转Bt水稻华恢1号(HH1)显著提高了土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC),3种转Bt水稻对土壤微生物生物量氮(MBN)的影响不显著,但在转基因品种之间,T2A-1和T1C-19种植后土壤MBN显著高于HH1处理。相比亲本,不同转Bt水稻品种对土壤线虫数量、营养类群组成、植物寄生线虫成熟度指数(PPI)均没有显著影响;转Bt水稻T2A-1和HH1结构指数SI均显著增加。研究表明,转Bt水稻对土壤生态系统结构和功能在短期内有显著影响。结合更长期的监测以及Bt毒素的测定将有助于全面评价转Bt水稻对土壤非靶标生物群落的生态风险。

关键词: 村域尺度, 景观格局演变, 低丘缓坡山地开发区, GeoEye-1, WorldView-3, 滇西北

Abstract: It is necessary to evaluate the ecological risks of transgenic Bt rice on soil non-target organisms before the rice is released to the market. In 2010, a field trial was conducted to investigate the effects of planting three genetically modified rice lines HH1, T2A-1, and T1C-19 that expressed Bacillus thuringiensis toxin (Bt) on the soil microbial characteristics and the abundance, trophic groups, and ecological indices of soil nematode. After rice harvest following one year planting, genetically modified rice line HH1 increased the soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) significantly, as compared to the nontransgenic rice parent line MH63. In contrast, the three transgenic Bt lines had minor effects on the soil microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), but T2A-1 and T1C-19 had great effects than HH1. As compared with the parent line, the three transgenic Bt lines had no significant effects on the nematode abundance, tropic group composition, and plant parasite index (PPI). Significant differences were observed in the structure index between Bt rice (T2A-1 and HH1) and nonBt rice (MH63). Our study suggested that transgenic Bt rice could have significant effects on the structure and function of soil ecosystem in a short period. Longer term monitoring in combining with the determination of Bt toxin content in soil would help to the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological risks of transgenic Bt rice on soil non-target biotic communities.

Key words: village scale, landscape pattern change, low-slope hilly area, GeoEye-1, WorldView-3, Northwestern Yunnan Province.