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崇明东滩围垦区草本植物群落组成及物种多样性

杨洁1,2,余华光1,2,徐凤洁1,2,马明睿1,2,由文辉1,2**   

  1. (1华东师范大学环境科学系, 上海 200241; 2上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200241)
  • 出版日期:2013-07-10 发布日期:2013-07-10

Species composition and diversity of herb communities in Dongtan reclamation areas of Chongming Island, Shanghai.

YANG Jie1,2, YU Hua-guang1,2, XU Feng-jie1,2, MA Ming-rui1,2, YOU Wen-hui1,2**   

  1. (1Department of Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration, Shanghai 200241, China)
  • Online:2013-07-10 Published:2013-07-10

摘要: 研究围垦区植物群落组成及物种多样性变化,可为认识和保护围垦区生物多样性提供依据。通过对崇明东滩不同围垦年限围垦区内草本植物群落的调查,研究了围垦区内草本植物群落组成及物种多样性在演替过程中的变化特征。结果表明:1)研究区内共出现草本植物49种,分属20科45属,菊科和禾本科合计约占全部种数的45%;2)草本植物群落以一年生草本植物为主;3)草本植物群落的丰富度指数、多样性指数随围垦年限增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在围垦年限50 a左右时达到最大值,随后出现小幅下降;4)随着围垦年限的增加,群落间的相异性指数和Cody指数呈先升高后降低的趋势,在围垦年限20~40 a时,群落变化较为剧烈;5)电导率(盐度)是影响多样性指数的主要土壤因子。

关键词: 高寒森林, 植被类型, 生境特征, 小型兽类, 洞穴分布

Abstract: The study of species composition and diversity of plant communities in reclamation area can provide references in understanding and protecting the biodiversity in reclamation area. In this paper, an investigation was conducted on the herb communities in the reclamation areas with different reclamation history in Dongtan of Chongming Island, aimed to understand the variation characteristics of species composition and diversity of herb communities during the succession. In the investigation area, a total of 49 herb species were recorded, belonging to 20 families and 45 genera, among which, Compositae and Gramineae occupied about 45% of the total. Annual herbs dominated in the herb communities. With the increasing duration of reclamation, the species richness and diversity decreased after an initial increase, with the peak value in the 50 years of reclamation. The Jaccard index and Cody index all decreased after an initial increase with the increasing duration of reclamation, and the communities changed intensely in the 20-40 years of reclamation. Conductivity (salinity) was the main soil factor affecting the species diversity of the communities.

Key words: alpine forest, small mammals, habitat characteristics., vegetation, burrow distribution