关键词: 光合气体交换, 叶绿素荧光参数, 水分利用效率, 膜上覆土穴播, 半干旱区, 春小麦

Abstract: Habitat loss and fragmentation are the main risk factors for Tragopan caboti. From January 2015 to December 2017, infrared cameras were used to monitor different forest stands (broad-eaved forest, BF; broad-eaved forest transformed from coniferous forest, TF; coniferous forest, CF) in Wuyanling Nature Reserve, with a total of 497 independent photos of Tragopan caboti being taken with the ratio of male to female of 1:1.78. In 2015, there were significant differences in the number of independent photos of Tragopan caboti among BF, TF and CF (P<0.01), but with no difference between CF and TF (P>0.05). In 2016, there was significant difference between BF and CF (P<0.05). In 2017, there was no difference between TF and BF (P>0.05), while there was significant difference between CF vs. BF and CF vs. TF (P<0.05). With the increases of years, the number of independent photos taken in the TF where species from Fagaceae and Daphniphyllaceae were planted was close to that in the BF. Out of the 497 photos, 203 photos were taken in spring and 190 photos in winter, which together accounted for 79.07%. There was a significant difference between winter pring and summer utumn (P<0.05), but no difference between spring and winter and between summer and autumn (P>0.05), indicating that Tragopan caboti spent more time in going out to find food in winter due to the scarce of food. As a spring breeding species (March-May), the outing activity time of Tragopan caboti increased in spring. As a diurnal species, its activity has two peak periods, from 7:00 to 8:00 and from 15:00 to 17:00.

Key words: whole field soilplastic mulching and bunch sowing, spring wheat, chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, water use efficiency., rain-fed semiarid area, photosynthetic gas exchange