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• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

黔东南侗族传统村落景观美景度

冯微微1,2,黄宗胜1*,张元博1,3,刘逸夫1,庞敏1   

  1. (1贵州大学建筑与城市规划学院, 贵阳 550025;2中国建筑上海设计研究院有限公司, 上海 200000;3贵州工商职业学院人文体育学院, 贵阳 551400)
  • 出版日期:2019-12-10 发布日期:2019-12-10

Landscape scenic beauty of traditional Dong Minority villages in southeast of Guizhou Province.

FENG Wei-wei1,2, HUANG Zong-sheng1*, ZHANG Yuan-bo1,3, LIU Yi-fu1, PANG Min1   

  1. (1College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 2China Shanghai Architecture Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200000, China; 3College of Humanities and Physical Education, Guizhou Technology and Business Institute, Guiyang 551400, China).
  • Online:2019-12-10 Published:2019-12-10

摘要: 为促进传统村落保护与发展,采用景观美学评价法(scenic beauty estimation procedures,SBE)和语义差异法(semantic differential,SD)研究黔东南侗族传统村落美景度。结果表明:SBE值从高到低为整体、农田、植被、建筑、水体、道路;整体景观与建筑、水体、道路差异显著(P<0.05),与农田、植被差异不显著,建筑、水体与道路之间无显著差异,农田与植被也无显著差异;村落美景度主要影响要素为环境质量、景观层次、地形地貌、建筑特色(建筑肌理、质量、外观、色彩、造型等)、水质、水岸线形态、农田规模、农作物生长状况、植物群落空间构成、植物群落形态、植物生长状况、植物色彩、道路铺装、道路弯曲程度、道路给人带来的心理感受;侗族村落美学特征主要体现为村落自然环境生态和谐美、人文要素(建筑、道路、水体)空间形态美、功能实用美、民族文化韵味美;结合景观规划保护技术方法,美景度阈值法可作为传统村落景观保护规划定量化研究的辅助手段;基于此,提出传统村落景观保护要从关键影响要素出发,按照分类采取保护措施的原则进行有针对性保护。本研究成果可用来完善传统村落景观保护规划、优化村落空间格局、保护古村落风貌和田园风光以维系其景观美学价值,为以后定量化研究传统村落景观美学特征、传统村落的保护开发利用、营建具有侗族特色的现代村落景观提供参考依据。

关键词: 土壤有机碳, 森林凋落物, 溶解性有机质

Abstract: To facilitate the protection and development of traditional villages, scenic beauty estimation procedures (SBE) and semantic differential (SD) method were used to study the scenic beauty of traditional villages of Dong Minority in Southeast Guizhou. The results showed that a decreasing trend of SBE value was found in the overall landscape, farmland, vegetation, buildings, water body, and roads. Significant differences of SBE value were found among the overall landscape and buildings, water body and roads (P<0.05), but not among the overall landscape and farmland and vegetation. There was no significant difference among buildings, water body and roads or between farmland and vegetation. The main factors influencing the scenic beauty of the villages included environmental quality, stratification of landscapes, landform, architectural features (architectural texture, building quality, architectural appearance, architectural colors and architectural shape), water quality, morphological features of shorelines, area of the farmland, growth conditions of crops, spatial composition and morphological characteristics of plant communities, growth conditions and color of plants, road pavement, road curvature and psychological feelings that roads bring to people. The aesthetic features of the Dong Minority villages were mainly embodied by the beauty of ecological harmony, spatial form of cultural elements (buildings, roads, and water body), functional practicality and ethnic culture. Combined with landscape planning and protection techniques, the scenic beauty threshold method could be used as an auxiliary means to the quantitative study of traditional villages landscape protection planning. Based on such findings, we proposed that it is necessary to implement targeted protection by the principle of adopting protective measures according to classification for the protection of traditional village landscapes from the perspective of key influencing factors. Our results can be used to improve the traditional village landscape protection planning, optimize the villages’ spatial layout, and protect the ancient village style and idyllic landscape, thus would help maintain the landscape aesthetic value. Furthermore, our results provide reference for the quantitative study of aesthetic characteristics of traditional village landscapes, the protection and development of traditional villages, and the construction of modern village landscapes with Dong ethnic characteristics.

Key words: forest litter, dissolved organic carbon (DOC)., dissolved organic matter (DOM)