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煤矸石堆场自然植被优势植物根际有效态重金属含量

陆海波,刘方**,朱健,赵晓燕,陈思琳   

  1. (贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025)
  • 出版日期:2012-12-10 发布日期:2012-12-10

Available heavy metal concentrations in dominant species rhizospheres of natural vegetations in coal gangue dumps.

LU Hai-bo, LIU Fang**, ZHU Jian, ZHAO Xiao-yan, CHEN Si-lin   

  1. (College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China)
  • Online:2012-12-10 Published:2012-12-10

摘要: 对贵阳市3个典型矿区煤矸石堆场的自然植被进行调查,选取马尾松、青冈、毛果金星蕨、类芦和光皮桦5种优势植物,分析了其根际10种重金属有效态的含量。结果表明,根际与非根际环境的pH和EC均无显著差异;优势植物的根际Mn、Cd、Ni、Cr、Co、Cu和Zn的有效态含量显著高于非根际,且Mn元素达到了极显著水平,而有效态Fe、Pb和Sb的含量在根际与非根际间无显著差异。不同优势植物根际有效态重金属含量也存在显著差异,类芦根际有效态Mn含量显著高于马尾松、青冈和毛果金星蕨;光皮桦根际有效态Zn含量显著高于马尾松、青冈、毛果金星蕨和类芦,而且光皮桦与毛果金星蕨根际有效态Zn含量还存在极显著差异;光皮桦根际有效态Cd含量也显著高于毛果金星蕨。光皮桦和类芦的根际效应最为明显,可优先考虑作为煤矸石堆场植物修复和生态恢复的植物。

Abstract:

An investigation was conducted on the natural vegetations in the coal gangue dumps of three typical coal mine areas in Guiyang City of Guizhou Province, Southwest China, and an analysis was made on the concentrations of 10 available heavy metals in the rhizospheres of five dominant species (Pinus massoniana, Cyclobalanopsis argyrotricha, Betula luminifera, Parathelypteris chinensis, and Neyraudia reynaudiana). No significant differences were observed in the pH and EC between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere. The concentrations of available Mn, Cd, Ni, Cr, Co, Cu, and Zn were significantly higher in rhizosphere than in nonrhizosphere, but those of available Fe, Pb, and Sb had less difference between rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere. There existed significant differences in the concentrations of available heavy metals in the rhizospheres of different dominant species. The available Mn concentration in N. reynaudiana rhizosphere was significantly higher than that in P. massoniana, C. argyrotricha, and P. chinensis rhizospheres, the available Zn concentration in B. luminifera rhizosphere was significantly higher than that in the rhizospheres of the other dominant species, and the available Cd concentration in B. luminifera rhizosphere was significantly higher than that in P. chinensis rhizosphere. B. luminifera and N. reynaudiana had most obvious rhizospheric effect, being able to be the good candidates for the phytoremediation and ecological restoration of coal gangue dumps.