Abstract: By using graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), this paper determined the Pb and Cr contents in the tea and soil samples collected from Wuyi Rock Tea gardens, and, according to the national standards of tea health quality and of the environmental conditions of non-risk tea garden or organic tea garden, the potential risks of the Pb and Cr contents in the tea and soil samples were assessed. The Pb and Cr contents in the tea samples did not surpass the permitted limits of the national standards of tea health quality, and the contents of the two elements in the soil samples were accorded with the national standards of the environmental conditions of non-risk tea garden or organic tea garden. There existed significant positive correlations (P<0.01) between the Pb and Cr contents of the tea samples and corresponding soil samples.