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绿洲胡杨生长期对全球变暖停滞响应的时空差异

司文洋,刘普幸*,张明军,张文霞,乔雪梅   

  1. (西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070)
  • 出版日期:2020-06-10 发布日期:2020-06-10

Spatial and temporal variation of the responses to global warming hiatus in the growth period of Populus euphratica in China’s oases.

SI Wen-yang, LIU Pu-xing, ZHANG Ming-jun, ZHANG Wen-xia, QIAO Xue-mei   

  1. (College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China).
  • Online:2020-06-10 Published:2020-06-10

摘要: 基于中国绿洲胡杨分布区48个地面气象站1960—2017年逐日平均气温数据,运用线性趋势法、相关分析和偏最小二乘回归等方法,分析了中国绿洲胡杨生长期起止日和生长期对全球变暖停滞响应的时空差异。结果表明:1998—2012年中国绿洲胡杨起始日、终止日、生长期倾向率分别为-0.764、-0.328、0.535 d·10 a-1,与1960—2017年和1960—1998年相比呈现起始日推迟、终止日提前、生长期缩短的态势,对全球变暖停滞(global warming hiatus)响应明显,其中,终止日响应最显著。研究区有超过47%的站点呈现出起始日推迟、终止日提前、生长期缩短的趋势,对全球变暖停滞的响应呈自西南向东北逐渐减弱的趋势。但各绿洲胡杨生长期对全球变暖停滞的响应不尽相同,其中,河套绿洲对全球变暖停滞响应最显著,柴达木绿洲的响应不显著。成因分析表明,亚洲极涡面积指数、青藏高原指数、西风指数是影响胡杨生长期对全球变暖停滞响应的主要驱动因子。

关键词: 控释尿素, 夏玉米, 水氮耦合, 叶片衰老

Abstract: Based on data of daily average temperature from 48 meteorological stations in Populus euphratica distribution areas of Chinese oases from 1960 to 2017, we analyzed spatiotemporal responses of the start and end dates as well as the number of days of growing period of P. euphratica to global warming hiatus, with multiyear trend line, correlation analysis, and partial leastsquares regression. The results showed that the change rates of start date, end date and the number of days of growing period of P. euphratica in Chinese oases from 1998 to 2012 were -0.764, -0.328, and 0.535 d·10 a-1, respectively. In comparison with temporal sequence between 1960 and 2017 and that between 1960 and 1998, the start date had been postponed, the end date had been advanced and the number of days of growth period had been dwindled during 1998-2012, indicating high sensitivity to the global warming hiatus and with the highest sensitivity of the end date. In accordance to spatial variation, the response to global warming hiatus decreased from the southwest to the northeast, with more than 47% of stations showing the trend of postponed start date, advanced end date, and shrinking growing period. Response of growing period of P. euphratica to global warming hiatus varied across oasis sites. P. euphratica in Hetao oases had prominent response to global warming hiatus, while the response of P. euphratica in Qaidam oases was weak. Results of causal analysis showed that Asia polar vortex area index, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau index, and Westerly Circulation index were major factors driving the responses of P. euphratica to global warming hiatus.

Key words: leaf senescence., controlled release urea, water and N coupling, summer maize