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牧鸡密度与取样时间对沙质草地土壤氮素有效性的影响

史胜南1,2,于占源1,3**,曾德慧1,3,韩兴国1   

  1. 1森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室, 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110164; 2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049; 3中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所大青沟沙地生态实验站, 沈阳 110016)
  • 出版日期:2013-08-10 发布日期:2013-08-10

Effects of chicken-grazing intensity and sampling time on soil nitrogen availability in sandy grassland.

SHI Sheng-nan1,2, YU Zhan-yuan1,3**, ZENG De-hui1,3, HAN Xing-guo1   

  1. (1State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3Daqinggou Ecological Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)
  • Online:2013-08-10 Published:2013-08-10

摘要: 以科尔沁沙质草地为对象,设置5个牧鸡密度D1(10羽·200 m-2)、D2(10羽·400 m-2)、D3(10羽·600 m-2)、D4(10羽·800 m-2)、CK(0羽·200 m-2),研究牧鸡密度与取样时间对土壤无机氮、氮矿化与硝化、微生物生物量等的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,高牧鸡密度(D1、D2)显著增加了8月、10月土壤潜在净氮矿化、硝化速率,而低牧鸡密度(D3、D4)对土壤潜在净氮矿化、硝化速率的影响均不显著;牧鸡显著提高了土壤硝态氮含量、土壤潜在净氮矿化、硝化速率,对土壤铵态氮含量影响不显著;土壤无机氮含量、潜在净氮矿化、硝化速率对取样时间的响应均达到显著水平,对牧鸡密度与取样时间交互作用的响应不显著。牧鸡对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮及微生物生物量碳/氮的影响均不显著。研究认为,牧鸡可以增加土壤的供氮能力,且随牧鸡密度的增加呈上升趋势,最适牧鸡密度为250~500羽·hm-2

关键词: 地方病, 蝉花, ISSR, 遗传结构

Abstract: A field experiment with five chicken-grazing intensities (0 feather·200 m-2, CK; 10 feathers·200 m-2, D1; 10 feathers·400 m-2, D2; 10 feathers·600 m-2, D3; and 10 feathers·800 m-2, D4) was conducted in the Keerqin Sandy Land of China to study the effects of the grazing intensity and sampling time on the soil inorganic nitrogen concentration, potential net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates, and microbial biomass in sandy grassland. Compared with CK, treatments D1 and D2 increased the soil potential net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates in August and October significantly, while treatments D3 and D4 had little effects on the soil nitrate nitrogen concentration and the soil potential net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates. Chickengrazing increased the soil nitrate nitrogen concentration and the soil potential net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates significantly, but less affected the soil ammonium nitrogen concentration. Sampling time had significant effects on the soil inorganic nitrogen concentration and the soil potential net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates, but the effects of the interaction between grazing intensity and sampling time were not significant. Chickengrazing had little effects on the soil microbial biomass C, N, and C/N. In conclusion, chicken-grazing could enhance the soil nitrogen supplying capability, which had an uptrend with the increase of grazing intensity. In this study, the optimum grazing intensity was 250-500 feathers·hm-2.

Key words: genetic structure., enzootic, ISSR, Isaria cicadae