关键词: 乡村聚落景观, 空间特征, 分形理论, 厦门市

Abstract: Urban forest is an important part of urban ecosystem, which plays an important role in building comfortable surroundings and improving urban ecological environment. The configuration of urban forest is directly related to urban forest ecological function. The 10/20/30 “rule of thumb” states that urban forest should comprise no more than 10% of any particular species, 20% of any one genus or 30% of any single family otherwise urban forest will influence the stability of urban ecosystem. This rule is very popular in foreign countries, but less common in China. In the present study, 196 sites within the 4th ringroad in Harbin were selected and classified according to administrative region, city ringroad and forest type, and the species composition was investigated, and evaluated according to 10/20/30 “rule of thumb”. There were 66 common trees, belonging to 18 families and 34 genera in Harbin urban forest. The most common species was Populus alba (13.5%), the most common genus Populus (37.6%) and the most common family Salicaceae (45.5%). Harbin forest tree configuration was reasonable at species level but not at the genus and family level based on the 10/20/30 “rule of thumb”. The primary reason was that singlespecies genus and family occupy absolute predominance in the urban forest. To solve this problem, we should choose species less from Populus and Salicaceae but more from other- genus and families in the urban forest construction. Meanwhile, we also made some specific recommendations for tree species selection of different administrative regions, ring-roads and forest types.

Key words: spatial characteristics, Xiamen., fractal theory, rural settlement landscape