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澜沧江云南吻孔鲃的耳石年轮特征及其年龄鉴定

丁城志1,2,陈毅峰1**,姚景龙1,何德奎1   

  1. (1中国科学院水生生物研究所, 湖北 武汉 430072; 2云南省国际河流与跨境生态安全重点实验室, 云南大学, 昆明 650091)
  • 出版日期:2013-11-10 发布日期:2013-11-10

Otolith characteristics and age determination of Poropuntius huangchuchieni (Tchang, 1962) in Lancang River.

DING Cheng-zhi1,2, CHEN Yi-feng1**, YAO Jing-long1, HE De-kui1   

  1. (1Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; 2Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Ecosecurity, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China)
  • Online:2013-11-10 Published:2013-11-10

摘要: 通过对采自澜沧江支流补远江的云南吻孔鲃(Poropuntius huangchuchieni)微耳石的微结构和年轮特征的观察,探讨了耳石在鉴定热带地区鱼类年龄中的应用。结果表明:在当年个体的微耳石磨片上没有形成明暗交替的环带,但在高倍镜下可观察到清晰的日轮;通过计数日轮的方法判断了云南吻孔鲃当年个体的日龄在135~348 d,推算云南吻孔鲃的繁殖时间为12月到翌年6月,主要集中在每年1—4月;1龄以上个体耳石磨片上形成了明暗交替的环带,在透射光下明带向暗带过渡的区域为年轮;补远江水温和水位的周年变化是年轮形成的主要原因,暗带形成时间为补远江水温最高、水位逐渐升高的季节;亮带形成于水温和水位均较低的季节;通过计数耳石年轮数量,判断雄性年龄组成为1~5龄,雌性年龄组成为1~6龄。

关键词: 大型无脊椎动物, 大鲵, ABC曲线, 环境因子, 生境评价

Abstract: Poropuntius huangchuchieni is an endemic fish and an important component of local fisheries in Lancang River. In this study, samplings collected from Buyuan River, a tributary of Lancang River, were aged using a suite of calcified structures including scales, dorsal fin and otoliths. The patterns of sectioned otoliths can be divided into two types: some otoliths recorded as interpretable annuli could be recognized; in other cases, no pattern of alternating zones of opaque and translucent bands, but the daily increment on otoliths can be used to age these fishes. According to the microincrements of sectioned otolith of currentyear individuals, the age of these fishes were 135 to 348 days, and the birthday of P. huangchuchieni was December to June, mainly in January-April. Marginal increment analysis of sectioned otoliths showed that the annuli were formed between April and June each year. The formation of annuli was related with the water temperature and the water level. The opaque band formed between April and June, which was corresponding to the highest temperature and the relatively high water level. The translucent bands formed in seasons with lower water temperature and lower water level. The ages of all samplings ranged from age 1 to 6 for females and age 1 to 5 for males.

Key words: Andrias davidianus, ABC curve, environmental factors, habitat evaluation., macroinvertebrate