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河口生态系统健康评价研究进展

牛明香,王俊**   

  1. (农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室, 山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室, 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所, 山东青岛 266071)
  • 出版日期:2014-07-10 发布日期:2014-07-10

Review on estuary ecosystem health assessment.

NIU Ming-xiang, WANG Jun**   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture; Shandong Provincial
     Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment (SFREE); Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China)
  • Online:2014-07-10 Published:2014-07-10

摘要:

河口生态系统一方面能提供多样化的生态服务和较多的经济产出,但同时也更易受到人类活动的影响。合理评价河口生态系统健康有利于了解河口生态系统现状,为可持续利用河口生态系统提供科学依据。本文在查阅国内外大量文献的基础上,对河口生态系统的特征、健康内涵以及健康标准进行了归纳和分析,并系统论述了河口生态系统健康的评价指标、评价方法、指标筛选原则以及主流评价指标体系和评价模型,概述了RS和GIS技术在河口生态系统健康评价中的应用。针对目前研究中存在的主要问题,提出了河口生态系统健康评价研究的发展方向,认为今后开展河口生态系统健康评价研究还需要在概念、影响机理、空间尺度选取以及新技术新方法的应用等方面进一步加强。
 

关键词: 莫兰指数, 空间分布, 地理加权泊松模型, 空间尺度, 进界株数

Abstract: Estuary ecosystem is usually productive and can provide diverse ecosystem services, however, it is vulnerable to the effects of human activities. Effective assessment of estuary ecosystem health can provide the scientific basis for understanding the status and sustainability of the ecosystem. In this study, we reviewed theories on health assessment of estuary ecosystem, e.g. characteristics, conception and criterion, and summarized the index, technology and evaluation models as well as the rules for index choosing in the present applications. The technology of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) were additionally emphasized. Considering the existing difficulties in the health assessment of estuary ecosystem, we proposed a possible trend of development in this field. New technologies along with the concept, impact mechanism and spatial scale setting were suggested to be further strengthened in the future researches of estuary ecosystem health evaluation.

Key words: Moran’s I, geographically weighted Poisson model (GWPR), spatial scale, spatial distribution, recruitment trees