关键词: 产业结构生态化, 产业组织生态化, 海洋产业生态化, 决策试行与评价实验室(DEMATEL), 技术创新生态化, 生产方式生态化

Abstract: Fertilization can alter the natural succession process of the weed community in cropland by directly improving the yield and competitive advantage of crops and changing the nutrient content and structure of the soil. We investigated the weed community diversity in rice field in a ricewheat rotation system during 2011-2012 after a 31year longterm application of different fertilizers in Taihu Lake, and analyzed the effects of soil nutrients and fertilization on weed distribution. Fertilizer treatments included: CK (no fertilizer), N (N fertilizer), NP (N plus P fertilizer), NK (N plus P fertilizer), PK (P plus K fertilizer) and NPK (N plus P and K fertilizers). The redundancy analysis (RDA) was performed to examine the relationship between fertilizer management and weeds. Among the weeds, Eleocharis yokoscensis, Monochoriav aginalis, Ammannia arenara, and Ceratopteris thalictroides were the dominant species. The longterm application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers could significantly reduce the density of weeds. Phosphorus fertilizer applications significantly reduced the density of sedge and effectively increased the density of M. aginalis, while A. arenara and C. thalictroides grew best in no fertilizer treatment. The application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers could reduce the richness index and increase the evenness index of weed community. In no application of fertilization (CK), the biodiversity of the cropland ecosystem was maintained at a high level, indicating the nofertilizer treatment was adequate to meet the growing needs of most of the weeds. At the heading stage of rice, the eigenvalues of the first and second ordination axes were 0.901 and 0.080, respectively. The coefficients of correlation between the soil total P, Olsen P, total N, available N and the first ordination axis were -0.887, -0.816, -0.810, and -0.794, respectively. Soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus contents were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of weeds. The results also indicated that the application of different fertilizers affected the community composition of the weeds.

Key words: industrial structure ecologization, decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), production mode ecologization, marine industrial ecologization, technological innovation ecologization, industrial organization ecologization