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太湖流域河流与湖泊间主要水质指标的空间关联特征

钟晶晶1,刘茂松1**,王玉2,杨雪姣1,姜旭娟1,徐驰1   

  1. 1南京大学生命科学学院, 南京 210093; 2太湖流域水文水资源监测中心, 江苏无锡 214000)
  • 出版日期:2014-08-10 发布日期:2014-08-10

Spatial correlation of major water quality indices between the lake and rivers in Taihu Lake Basin.

ZHONG Jing-jing1, LIU Mao-song1**, WANG Yu2, YANG Xue-jiao1, JIANG Xu-juan1, XU Chi1   

  1. (1School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; 2Monitoring Center of Hydrology and Water Resources of the Taihu Lake Basin, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu, China)
  • Online:2014-08-10 Published:2014-08-10

摘要:

基于2006—2012年太湖流域主要观测断面水质监测资料,应用冗余分析法,研究分析了流域上游入湖河流、下游出湖河流与太湖湖体间水质在5、10、20、40和80 km等不同观测尺度上的关联性。研究表明,2006—2012年,太湖流域水质总体较差,但不同观测尺度内主要水质指标超标率存在较大差异,太湖湖体水质好于上游入湖河流,上游入湖河流水质总体好于下游出湖河流;上游入湖河流是太湖湖体营养盐输入的主要来源,其溶解氧、总磷和氨氮对太湖湖体相应指标超标率的累计方差贡献率均超过50%,分别达到75.9%、67.4%和57.4%;在单尺度上,太湖湖体水质主要对上游0~5 km内环湖河流水质变化的响应较显著,而对其他尺度河流水质无明显响应。在下游出流区,太湖湖体主要水质指标对出湖河流相应水质指标超标率的累计尺度和单尺度方差贡献率均低于7%,河流水质受太湖湖体水质的影响总体较小,且尺度效应不明显,下游出流区河流主要水质指标的高超标率更多受陆源污染的影响。
 

关键词: 苜蓿, 牛角花齿蓟马, 耐害性, 同化产物

Abstract: Along with the rapid economic growth, water environment has drastically deteriorated in the Taihu Lake Basin (TLB) during the past decades. However, the spatiotemporal patterns of water pollution are not yet fully understood at landscape scales in the TLB. Especially, the relationship between the lakes and rivers has been rarely examined. Using redundancy analysis, we studied the correlation of water quality between the lake body of Taihu and its inflow and outflow rivers based on the observation records from 82 monitoring sites in the TLB during 2006-2012. The correlation was examined at five spatial scales, i.e., 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 km. Water quality was generally poor in the whole basin during the study period. However, the proportion of the major water quality indices that exceeded the national standard III varied at different scales. In general, water quality of the lake body was better than that of the inflow rivers, while the outflow rivers showed worse water quality than the inflow rivers. The inflow rivers were the main source of nutrient input for the Taihu Lake. In terms of water quality indices that exceeded the standard, the inflow rivers explained over 50% of the variance in the lake body (75.9%, 67.4% and 57.4% for DO, TP and AN, respectively). At single spatial scales, water quality of the lake body generally responded to the changes of water quality of the inflow rivers within a distance of 5 km from the lake body while had no significant response at other scales. In contrast, water quality of the outflow rivers was less affected by that of the lake body. The lake body only explained less than 7% of the variance in the outflow rivers, in terms of water quality indices that exceeded the standard. Moreover, no obvious scale effect was observed. Water quality of the outflow area was more affected by the pollutants from the surrounding lands rather than those transferred from the inflow rivers.

Key words: alfalfa, assimilation product, tolerance, Odontothrips loti