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山西省公路绿化植被生态效益评价

王慧1,任建中2,郭晋平1**,张芸香1   

  1. (1山西农业大学林学院, 山西太谷 030801; 2山西省林业厅, 太原 030002)
  • 出版日期:2014-09-10 发布日期:2014-09-10

Ecological benefits of roadside greening vegetation in Shanxi Province.

WANG Hui1, REN Jian-zhong2, GUO Jin-ping1**, ZHANG Yun-xiang1   

  1. (1 College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; 2Forestry Department of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030002, China)
  • Online:2014-09-10 Published:2014-09-10

摘要:

以山西省公路绿化工程为对象,对现有公路绿化带结构类型及生态效益进行调查。按照不同的绿化带结构类型选择典型路段设置调查样带,在样带内设置梯度采样点和观测点,以树种组成、密度、郁闭度、疏透度、LAI等关键性林带特征因子对各生态效应的影响为依据,建立公路绿化带生态效应模型,分析公路绿化植被对SO2和NO2的净化效应、滞尘效应、降噪效应、降温效应。通过生物量计算绿化植被碳储量,分析山西省公路绿化植被的固碳释氧效应,并采用生态经济学中替代市场法,对山西省公路绿化植被的主要生态服务功能进行相应的货币化计量。结果表明:至2011年,山西省公路绿化工程建设的有效绿化面积为29194.29 hm2,碳储量总计887343.6 t,山西省主要公路绿化植被对SO2和NO2的年净化效益经济价值分别为54.3和48.7万元·a-1,公路绿化植被年滞尘效益为442.1万元·a-1,降噪效益为98.7万元·a-1,公路绿化植被的固碳效益为26271.3万元·a-1,释氧效益为7744.1万元·a-1,降温效益为21.4万元·a-1,总计山西省主要公路绿化植被生态效益经济价值为3.47亿元·a-1。

 

关键词: 稳定氢同位素, 杨树, 液流, 林分退化, 水分来源

Abstract:

To investigate the ecological services and economic benefits of roadside treebelts in Shanxi Province, sampling points were set up in typical roadside treebelts with varied stand structures and different distances from roads to record dispersion patterns of SO2, NO2 and dust, noise attenuation and daily temperature variation. The recorded data were then analyzed according to major stand characteristics, such as species composition, stand density, canopy density, degree of porosity and LAI to construct estimation models for ecological services of roadside treebelt. Moreover, reduction of SO2, NO2, dust and noise, carbon fixation and oxygen release of roadside greening vegetation in Shanxi Province were estimated based on the models. The economic benefits of roadside treebelt in terms of their ecological services were also calculated. The results showed that the effective green coverage of main highway landscaping projects in Shanxi Province was 29194.29 hm2 by 2011 with carbon storage of 887343.6 t in total. The calculated economic losses avoided by the roadside greening vegetation were about 543000, 487000, 4421000, 987000 and 214000 RMB per year in terms of SO2 reduction, NO2 reduction, dust reduction, noise reduction and temperature reduction, respectively. Furthermore, the calculated economic benefits generated by these roadside greening vegetations were about 262713000 and 77441000 RMB per year in terms of carbon fixation and oxygen release. In total, the economic benefit provided by roadside greening vegetation in Shanxi Province was about 0.347 billion RMB annually.
 

Key words: stable hydrogen isotope, tree dieback, sap flow, Populus simonii, water source