低温、弱光、高湿胁迫对日光温室番茄花期生理生化指标的影响

生态学杂志

低温、弱光、高湿胁迫对日光温室番茄花期生理生化指标的影响

张淑杰¹,杨再强²,陈艳秋^3**,韩秀君⁴,吴曼丽⁴,赵先丽¹,李广霞⁴

（¹中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所，沈阳 110166； ^2南京信息工程大学，南京 210044； ³辽宁省气象局，沈阳 110001； ^4沈阳-中心气象台，沈阳 110166）

出版日期:2014-11-10 发布日期:2014-11-10

Effects of low temperature, weak light and high humidity stresses on the physiological and biochemical indicators of greenhouse tomato during flowering period.

ZHANG Shu-jie¹, YANG Zai-qiang², CHEN Yan-qiu^3**, HAN Xiu-jun⁴, WU Man-li⁴, ZHAO Xian-li¹, LI Guang-xia^4

(¹Institute of Atmospheric Environment in Shenyang, CMA, Shenyang 110166, China;²Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; ³Liaoning Meteorological Bureau, Shenyang 110001, China; ⁴Shenyang Central Meteorological Observatory, Shenyang 110166, China)

Online:2014-11-10 Published:2014-11-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨东北地区冬季低温寡照天气对番茄影响的生理机制，以东北地区主栽番茄品种“靓粉2号”为试材，在人工气候箱内模拟4种低温处理（5-2-4 ℃；5-1-3 ℃；5-0-2 ℃；5-(-1)-1 ℃）、弱光\[0（2日）～400 μmol·mol^-1\]、高湿(70%～95%)，研究低温弱光高湿胁迫对番茄最大净光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数及酶活性的影响。结果表明：低温弱光高湿胁迫降低了PSII的原始光能转换效率和潜在活性，最大净光合速率（P_max）、PSII最大光能转化效率（F_v/F_m）、潜在活性(F_v/F₀)、光化学淬灭系数（qP）随着低温降低和持续时间的延长呈下降的趋势，非光化学淬灭系数（qN）提高，而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高且丙二醛(MDA)含量增加；温度回升及恢复后P_max、F_v/F_m、F_v/F₀、qP升高，qN、SOD酶活性下降，MDA含量依然增加，除处理1和处理2的P_max恢复到第1天的水平外，其余各项生理生化指标没有恢复到第1天的水平，同时各项生理生化指标均未恢复到对照的水平，表明5 ℃及以下低温弱光高湿胁迫已经对番茄造成伤害，当5 ℃及以下低温持续3 d，且最低温度降到0 ℃的时候，达到了冻害致灾指标。

关键词: 间鱼骨, 遗传结构, 遗传多样性, ND5基因, 唇鱼骨, COI基因, 中国南部

Abstract: In order to study the physiological mechanism of the effects of low temperature, weak light and high humidity stresses on tomato in winter in Northeast China, a tomato cultivar ‘Liangfen 2’ was selected as experimental material, and four levels of low temperature (5-2-4 ℃; 5-1-3 ℃; 5-0-2 ℃; 5-(-1)-1 ℃), weak light \[0 (2 days)-400 μmol·mol^-1\] and high humidity (70%-95%) were installed in a climatic chamber to study their effects on maximum net photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities. Results showed that the original light conversion efficiency of the PSII and its potential activity were reduced under low temperature, weak light and high humidity stresses. In addition, the maximum net photosynthesis rate (P_max), photochemical maximum efficiency of PSⅡ (F_v/F_m), potential activities of PSⅡ (F_v/F₀) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) decreased with the decline of temperature and the extension of the duration of low temperature. At the same time, nonphotochemical quenching coefficient (qN) increased along with the decline of temperature, while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased simultaneously. After the temperature recover, P_max, F_v/F_m, F_v/F₀, qP and the content of MDA increased, while nonphotochemical quenching coefficient (qN) and SOD activity decreased. All the physiological and biochemical indicators did not recover to the first day’s level except P_max of treatments 1 and 2. Meanwhile, the physiological and biochemical indicators did not return to CK levels. Our results suggested that temperature below 5 ℃, weak light and high humidity stresses damaged the tomatoes. Therefore, we concluded when temperature declined to 5 ℃ or below 5 ℃ and the duration reached 3 days, as well as the minimum temperature reached 0 ℃, the freezing injury would happen to tomato.

Key words: genetic structure, genetic diversity, COI gene, South China, Hemibarbus medius, ND5 gene, Hemibarbus labeo

张淑杰1,杨再强2,陈艳秋3**,韩秀君4,吴曼丽4,赵先丽1,李广霞4. 低温、弱光、高湿胁迫对日光温室番茄花期生理生化指标的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

ZHANG Shu-jie1, YANG Zai-qiang2, CHEN Yan-qiu3**, HAN Xiu-jun4, WU Man-li4, ZHAO Xian-li1, LI Guang=xia4. Effects of low temperature, weak light and high humidity stresses on the physiological and biochemical indicators of greenhouse tomato during flowering period.[J]. cje.

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