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飞云江口附近海域浮游动物群落特征

董开兴1,2,徐兆礼1,2**   

  1. 1厦门大学海洋与地球学院, 福建厦门 361102; 2中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室, 上海 200090)
  • 出版日期:2015-03-10 发布日期:2015-03-10

Characteristics of zooplankton communities off the Feiyun River estuary.

DONG Kai-xing1,2, XU Zhao-li1,2**   

  1. (1College of Ocean & Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; 2Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuary Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture of China, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China)
  • Online:2015-03-10 Published:2015-03-10

摘要: 根据2010—2011年在飞云江附近海域(27°46′N—27°75′N,120°66′ E—121°01′E)秋、冬、春3个季节的调查资料,分析了浮游动物的种类组成及多样性分布、总丰度的平面分布和季节变化及其与水团变化的关系。结果表明:飞云江口附近水域秋、冬、春三季共鉴定出浮游动物60种,分属于11大类;秋季检出浮游动物9大类42种,冬季检出5大类20种,春季检出8大类34种;调查水域浮游动物丰度在秋、冬之间和冬、春之间有较大变化,秋、冬、春三季浮游动物平均丰度分别为221.69、19.52和137.50 ind·m-3;秋、冬、春季种类数近岸较少,外海较多;三季中,秋季浮游动物Shannon多样性指数最高,高值区位于调查水域的东南部,其次为春季,最高值出现在飞云江口外海域,冬季为三季最低,最高值出现在调查水域北侧岛群之间;中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)是冬、春季影响总丰度变化最主要的种类,秋季总丰度变化主要受针刺拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus aculeatus)和百陶箭虫(Sagitta bedoti)影响;各水团随季节变化此消彼长共同作用于研究水域,对该水域浮游动物数量分布和群落组成产生相应的影响。

关键词: 棉花, 区域试验, 主产棉区, GGE双标图, 棉纤维品质, 生态区划分

Abstract: Based on three oceanographic surveys conducted off the Feiyun River estuary (27°46′-27°75′N, 120°66′-121°01′E) in November 2010 (autumn), January 2011 (winter) and May 2011 (spring), the species composition, Shannon diversity, abundance, horizontal distribution, and seasonal variation of zooplankton were investigated, and their relationship to seasonal variation of water masses was also examined. A total of 60 species belonging to 11 groups were identified, including 42 species belonging to 9 groups in autumn, 20 species belonging to 5 groups in winter and 34 species belonging to 8 groups in spring. The abundance of zooplankton was highest in autumn (221.69 ind·m-3), least in winter (19.52 ind·m-3), and intermediate in spring (137.50 ind·m-3). Spatially, the zooplankton was most numerous in the offshore water. The Shannon diversity of zooplankton was highest in autumn followed by spring and winter. The high value area of diversity was situated in the southeast of investigation waters (autumn), in the outer area of Feiyun River estuary (spring) and among archipelago in the north (winter), respectively. In winter and spring, Calanus sinicus was the predominant which determined the distribution pattern of zooplankton abundance. In autumn, Paracalanus aculeatus and Sagitta bedoti exerted the greatest influence on the distribution of zooplankton abundance. Furthermore, the abundance and community composition of zooplankton was influenced by seasonal variation of water masses to some extent.

Key words: cotton fiber quality, GGE biplot, regional crop trial, ecological regiona-lization, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), major cotton-producing area