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南设得兰群岛附近海域南极磷虾渔场时空分布及其与表温的关系

阮超1,2,张衡1*,崔雪森1,伍玉梅1,杨胜龙1#br#   

  1. 1中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所渔业资源遥感信息技术重点开放实验室, 上海 200090; 2上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306)
  • 出版日期:2016-09-10 发布日期:2016-09-10

Spatial-temporal distribution of Antarctic krill fishing ground and their relationship with sea surface temperature in waters around the South Shetland Islands.

RUAN Chao1,2, ZHANG Heng1*, CUI Xue-sen1, WU Yu-mei1, YANG Sheng-long1#br#   

  1. (1 Key Laboratory of East China Sea & Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture of China; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China; 2 College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China).
  • Online:2016-09-10 Published:2016-09-10

摘要: 根据2010—2014年中国大型拖网渔船在南极海域48.1渔区捕捞的南极磷虾产量数据,并结合该区域卫星遥感获取的海洋表面温度(sea surface temperature, SST)数据,分析了南极磷虾单位捕捞努力量渔获量(catch per unit of fishing effort, CPUE)的时空分布变化及其与SST的关系。结果表明:南设得兰群岛的东北部海域(61°S—64°S、58°W—60°W)南极磷虾渔场较为集中;整体来说,48.1渔区南极磷虾渔场CPUE呈明显的季节性变化,12月CPUE为一年中的次高值(约为16.0 t·h-1),随后到翌年的2月逐渐减小,而2—4月呈逐渐增加的趋势,4月的CPUE为一年中的最高值(约为16.5 t·h-1),4月之后又开始逐渐减小;12月—翌年2月,渔场重心一直向东南推移且渔场重心变化幅度较大;而在2—5月大致向西推移,渔场重心也达到最南端,其中3—5月的渔场重心变化幅度较小,主要位于63°S—63.5°S、58.5°W—59.5°W;而之后的6、10、12月渔场重心逐渐向北推移,并在12月达到最北端和最东端;总体上,48.1渔区南极磷虾作业渔区的适宜SST范围为-0.1~1.2 ℃,适宜SST范围主要集中在南半球夏、秋季节(12月—翌年5月)。

关键词: 水稻, 吸收速率, 镉污染, 米氏常数

Abstract: According to the data on the catch of the Antarctic krill in the Southern Ocean of 48.1 fishing area and sea surface temperature (SST) obtained by remote sensing method, this study analyzed the spatialtemporal distribution of catch per unit of fishing effort (CPUE) of the Antarctic krill and the relationship between CPUE with SST from 2010 to 2014. The results showed that the Antarctic krill fishery mainly distributed in the northeast of the South Shetland Islands (61°S-64°S, 58°W-60°W). Generally, there were obvious seasonal changes in CPUE of this fishery. The second higher value of CPUE appeared in December (about 16.0 t·h-1). Until February of the next year, the CPUE gradually decreased, and then an increasing trend was observed from February to April. The CPUE reached the highest value in April (about 16.5 t·h-1), and then began to decrease after April. From December to February of the following year, the fishery center moved towards the Southeast and there was a huge change in the fishery center. From February to May, it roughly moved to the West and arrived at its southern end. A slight change of fishery center happened from March to May, mainly at 63°S-63.5°S, 58.5°W-59.5°W. Moreover, in June, October and December, the fishery center gradually developed northward and reached the northernmost or easternmost part in December. On the whole, the suitable SST values of 48.1 fishery in Antarctic krill fishing areas ranged from -0.1 to 1.2 ℃. It was suggested that summer and autumn (from December to May in the next year) were the main fishing seasons due to the suitable SST.

Key words: uptake rate, Michaelis constant., cadmium pollution, rice