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豫南雨养区小麦-玉米周年不同耕作模式生态价值评估

李向东**,张德奇,王汉芳,邵运辉,方保停,岳俊芹,吕风荣,马富举,秦峰,杨程   

  1. (河南省农业科学院小麦研究所, 小麦国家工程实验室, 农业部黄淮中部小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 河南省小麦生物学重点实验室, 郑州 450002)
  • 出版日期:2015-05-10 发布日期:2015-05-10

Evaluation of ecosystem services of wheatmaize cropping system under different farming modes in the rainfed area of southern Henan Province.

LI Xiang-dong**, ZHANG De-qi, WANG Han-fang, SHAO Yun-hui, FANG Bao-ting, YUE Jun-qin, LU Feng-rong, MA Fu-ju, QIN Feng, YANG Cheng   

  1. (Wheat Research Institute of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; National Laboratory of Wheat Engineering; Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Breeding in Central HuangHuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology, Zhengzhou 450002, China)
  • Online:2015-05-10 Published:2015-05-10

摘要:

以豫南雨养农业区小麦玉米周年耕作模式为研究对象,以2007—2014年连续7年的大田定位试验数据为基础资料,利用货币归一化方法,对不同耕作模式农田生态系统服务功能价值进行估算。试验处理为两季秸秆均不还田的传统翻耕、不覆盖/不深松+覆盖/免耕、覆盖/不深松+不覆盖/免耕、不覆盖/深松+不覆盖/免耕、覆盖/深松+覆盖/免耕及不覆盖/不深松+还田/旋耕6个模式。主要估算了各模式的农产品服务价值、积累有机质功能价值、养分积累和循环功能价值、涵养水分功能价值和调节大气功能价值。结果表明,覆盖/深松+覆盖/免耕的农田生态系统各项服务价值均最高,总价值也最高,达到49326元·hm-2,其次是传统翻耕模式为45345元·hm-2,然后依次是不覆盖/深松+不覆盖/免耕、不覆盖/不深松+覆盖/免耕、覆盖/不深松+不覆盖/免耕,不覆盖/不深松+还田/旋耕模式最低,只有41440元·hm-2。两季秸秆覆盖还田+深松+免耕播种模式生态服务总价值分别比其他模式依次高8.78%、9.67%、13.46%、13.57%、19.03%,均达显著或极显著水平。说明两季秸秆粉碎覆盖还田、小麦免耕播种结合玉米季深松模式,适合豫南雨养农业区的区域生态气候特点和生产实际,适宜推广应用。
 

关键词: 紫茎泽兰提取物, 黄瓜, 一氧化氮, 化感胁迫, 根边缘细胞

Abstract:

The ecosystem services of the cropland under different farming modes in the rainfed region in southern Henan Province were evaluated using monetary normalization method. In this region, winter wheatsummer maize rotation is the major farming practice. Data of field experiment during 2007-2014 were used. Six farming modes were designed: traditional tillage (T1), nonstraw mulching and non-subsoiling before sowing for corn + straw mulching and nontillage for wheat (T2), straw mulching and nonsubsoiling for corn + nonstraw mulching and nontillage for wheat (T3), nonstraw mulching and subsoiling before sowing for corn + nonstraw mulching and nontillage for wheat (T4), straw mulching and subsoiling before sowing for corn + straw mulching and nontillage for wheat (T5), and nonstraw mulching and nonsubsoiling for corn + strawreturn and rotary tilling (T6). The ecosystem service values of agricultural production, organic matter accumulation, nutrition accumulation and cycling, water storage, and air regulation were assessed. The results showed that T5 had the highest value of total ecosystem services (49326 yuan·hm-2), followed by T1 (45345 yuan·hm-2), and then T4, T2, T3, and T6 in order. The total ecosystem services value of T5 was 8.78%, 9.67%, 13.46%, 13.57% and 19.03% higher than T1, T4, T2, T3 and T6, respectively. The results suggested that mode T5 is extendable in the rainfed region in southern Henan Province because it fits the ecological and climatic features and the local crop production system.
 

Key words: cucumber, allelochemical stress, root border cell, nitric oxide (NO), Eupatorium adenophorum extract