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1961—2010年中国橡胶寒害的时空分布特征

刘少军1,2,周广胜3**,房世波3   

  1. 1海南省气象科学研究所, 海口 570203; 2海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 海口 570203; 3中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081)
  • 出版日期:2015-05-10 发布日期:2015-05-10

Spatial-temporal characteristics of rubber chilling injury in China during 1961-2010.

LIU Shao-jun1,2, ZHOU Guang-sheng3**, FANG Shi-bo3   

  1. (1Hainan Institute of Meteorological Science, Haikou 570203, China; 2Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570203, China; 3Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)
  • Online:2015-05-10 Published:2015-05-10

摘要:

采用中国橡胶种植区1961—2010年的气象资料,根据《橡胶寒害等级(QX/T 169—2012)》行业标准中的橡胶寒害等级评价指标,分析了中国橡胶寒害的时空分布特征。结果表明:橡胶辐射型寒害和平流型寒害在空间存在明显差异,其中年平均辐射型积寒高值出现在云南、福建等地,年平均平流型积寒高值出现在云南屏边,广西、广东、福建等地;1961—2010年研究区橡胶轻度寒害的频率呈增加趋势,而中度、重度、特重寒害的频率总体呈减小趋势,轻度、中度、重度和特重寒害出现的平均频率分别为3.50%、28.24%、14.93%和15.93%,而在橡胶主产区——云南的景洪、勐腊、海南岛等地,出现不同寒害等级的频率远低于整个研究区的平均值。研究结果可为防御橡胶寒害的科学决策提供依据。

 

关键词: 线粒体, 间苯三酚, 根系, 对羟基苯甲酸, 棉花

Abstract:

The characteristics of rubber chilling injury were analyzed by annual integrative chilling injury indexes based on the “rubber chilling injury grade (QX/T 169-2012)” of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) and the related meteorological data during 1961-2010 in major rubber producing areas in China. The results indicated that rubber radiation chilling injury and advection chilling injury showed obvious spatial differences. The high annual average accumulative temperatures of radiation type rubber chilling injury appeared in Yunnan and Fujian provinces, while the high annual average accumulative temperatures of advection type rubber chilling injury appeared in Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong provinces and Pingbian of Yunnan Province. The occurrence frequencies of moderate, severe, severe rubber chilling injury showed a decreasing tendency, while light rubber chilling injury showed an increasing tendency during 1961-2010. The average occurrence frequencies of light, medium, heavy and severe rubber chilling injury were 3.50%, 28.24%, 14.93%, and 15.93%, respectively. In Jinghong and Mengna of Yunnan Province and Hainan Island, the occurrence frequencies of rubber chilling injury were far lower than those in the whole study area. The results provide scientific reference for decision-making in coping with the rubber chilling injury in China.
 

Key words: cotton, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, mitochondria, root, phloroglucinol