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反硝化型甲烷厌氧氧化的研究进展

范秋香1,吴箐2,常佳丽2,梁鹏2,张潇源2,张传义1,黄霞2**   

  1. (1中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院, 江苏徐州 221116; 2清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084)
  • 出版日期:2015-06-10 发布日期:2015-06-10

Research progress in denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation.

FAN Qiu-xiang1, WU Qing2, CHANG Jia-li2, LIANG Peng2, ZHANG Xiao-yuan2, ZHANG Chuan-yi1, HUANG Xia2**   

  1. (1School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China; 2State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
  • Online:2015-06-10 Published:2015-06-10

摘要: 反硝化型甲烷厌氧氧化(denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation, DAMO)即甲烷厌氧氧化耦合反硝化,是指在厌氧条件下以甲烷作为电子供体,NO2-/NO3-作为电子受体的反硝化过程。甲烷是一种温室气体,其引起的温室效应是等物质量CO2的20~30倍。DAMO过程利用甲烷代替常规碳源进行脱氮,有利于减少温室效应,并改善氮循环。研究发现,Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera细菌和Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens古菌是参与DAMO过程的2类主要功能微生物,前者通过内部好氧机制耦合亚硝酸盐还原与甲烷的厌氧氧化,后者则通过逆向产甲烷途径耦合硝酸盐还原与甲烷的厌氧氧化。本文详细阐述了M. oxyfera细菌和M. nitroreducens古菌细胞内代谢途径,着重总结了甲烷、NO2-/NO3-、反应器构型、温度等因素对DAMO性能的影响。并对DAMO实际应用方面的研究现状做了调研。在DAMO功能微生物作用机制、快速富集及影响因素的进一步深入研究的基础上,推进DAMO污水脱氮工艺的应用是未来的主要研究热点和发展方向。

关键词: 景观格局脆弱度, 分析尺度, 时空分异, 南四湖湿地, 空间统计学

Abstract:

Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) is a novel denitrification process with methane as the electron donor and NO3-/NO2- as the electron acceptor under anaerobic condition. As a greenhouse gas, CH4 has 20-30 times greater global warming potential than CO2. CH4, instead of conventional carbon source, is used for denitrification in the process of DAMO, which is beneficial for reducing global warming effect and improving nitrogen cycle. It has been found that Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera (belonging to bacteria) and Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens (archaea) are the two main microbial communities participating in DAMO process. The former conducts NO2-DAMO process via “intraaerobic pathway” while the other uses “reverse methanogenesis pathway” to couple NO3- reduction with methane anaerobic oxidation. This paper elaborated the intracellular metabolic pathway of M. oxyfera and M. nitroreducens, and summarized the influence factors of DAMO process in detail, including substrate (CH4 and NO2-/NO3-) concentration, reactor configuration and temperature, etc. Meanwhile, the current status of DAMO application on nitrogen removal was also investigated. With further exploration of the mechanisms, enrichment and influence factors of microbial communities, the propulsion of DAMO industrial application would be the frontier in the future.
 

Key words: landscape pattern vulnerability, analysis scale, spatialstatistics, temporalspatial differentiation., Nansihu Lake wetland,