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辽河流域河流的分类

徐彩彩1,2,3,张殷波1,4,张远2,3,孔维静2,3**,侯利萍2,3   

  1. 1山西大学黄土高原研究所, 太原 030006; 2中国环境科学研究院流域水生态技术保护研究室, 北京 100012; 3环境标准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012; 4山西大学环境与资源学院, 太原 030006)
  • 出版日期:2015-06-10 发布日期:2015-06-10

River classification in Liaohe River basin.

XU Cai-cai1,2,3, ZHANG Yin-bo1,4, ZHANG Yuan2,3, KONG Wei-jing2,3**, HOU Li-ping2,3   

  1. (1Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China; 2Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Riverine Ecological Conservation & Technology, Beijing 100012, China; 3State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China; 4College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China)
  • Online:2015-06-10 Published:2015-06-10

摘要:

在分析国内外河流地貌分类研究的基础上,提出了应用河流等级、封闭度、河道数以及蜿蜒度4个指标所构成的河流分类指标体系,构建了河段尺度上的河流快速分类方法。以辽河流域为案例,将辽河流域3158个河段划分为20种河流类型。研究表明,本文的分类体系具有指标获取容易、满足大面积流域河流管理策略制定的优点。根据辽河流域每种河流类型的结构、功能、过程及生境类型,提出高蜿蜒度干流的3种河流类型和2种复式河道类型应作为优先保护的河流;源头区域的3种河流类型应重点防治流域水土流失,并减少人类对河道的干扰;平原地区的支流3种类型,应减少农田开垦、污水直排等人类活动的干扰。
 

Abstract: Based on the researches on fluvial geomorphology classification, the index system of river classification was proposed with four indices: stream order, confinement degree, channel number and sinuosity. And a fast river classification framework was established with the selected indices. Liaohe River basin was selected as an example to apply the framework at reach level. A total of 3158 reaches in Liaohe River basin were divided into 20 river types. The results showed that the classification framework has the advantages that indices are easily calculated, and the framework is suitable for basin management strategy establishment for large area basin. Management strategy was raised based on the structure, function, process and habitat type for all river types. Three river types with high stream order and high sinuosity and 2 river types with multiple channels should have the highest priority for conservation in Liaohe River basin. For the three river types in the source region, soil erosion should be concerned and the disturbance on river channel should be reduced. For the three tributary river types in the plain area, the farmland reclamation and the discharges of sewages should be reduced.