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平果喀斯特山地不同植物群落的土壤质量评价

欧芷阳1,2,3**,申文辉1,2,3,庞世龙1,2,3,彭玉华1,2,3,谭一波1,2,3,何琴飞1,2,3   

  1. 1 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院, 南宁 530002; 2 国家林业局中南速生材繁育实验室, 南宁 530002; 3 广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室, 南宁 530002)
  • 出版日期:2015-10-10 发布日期:2015-10-10

Assessment of soil quality of different plant communities in the Karst mountains of Pingguo County, Guangxi.

OU Zhi-yang1,2,3**, SHEN Wen-hui1,2,3, PANG Shi-long1,2,3, PENG Yu-hua1,2,3, TAN Yi-bo1,2,3, HE Qin-fei1,2,3   

  1. (1 Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China; 2 Central South Key Laboratory of Fastgrowing Tree Cultivation under Forestry Ministry, Nanning 530002, China; 3Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Cultivation, Nanning 530002, China)
  • Online:2015-10-10 Published:2015-10-10

摘要: 了解喀斯特山地的土壤环境质量,对其植被恢复和石漠化治理有着重要意义。基于群落土壤肥力分析,采用典范对应分析(CCA)和因子分析相结合的方法,定量评价了广西平果喀斯特山地灌丛、灌木、仪花和蚬木群落的土壤质量。结果表明:土壤物理结构随植被恢复得到改善,土壤容重下降、孔隙增多、持水能力增强。土壤pH值以灌丛最高,仪花和蚬木林的土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量明显高于灌丛和灌木,灌丛、灌木的土壤全磷、全钾和速效钾含量则显著高于次生乔木林;土壤速效磷和交换性钙含量差异不显著。CCA可以有效筛选土壤质量评价指标,土壤质量综合评价分值的大小顺序为:仪花林(0.41)>蚬木林(0.27)>灌丛(-0.20)>灌木林(-0.44)。导致灌丛和灌木林土壤质量较低的原因主要与群落生产力低、土壤有机质等养分积累少有关。

关键词: 生境, 植物质量, 分解速率, 凋落物, 增温

Abstract:

Evaluating soil quality in Karst mountains is important to vegetation restoration and desertification control in the rocky region. Based on the analyses of soil fertility characteristics, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used in conjunction with factor analysis to quantitatively assess the soil fertility of scrub, shrub, Lysidice rhodostegia forest, and Excentrodendron hsienmu forest in the Karst mountains of Pingguo County, southwest Guangxi. The results indicated that along with the restoration of vegetation, soil bulk density decreased while soil porosity and soil waterholding capacity increased. Of the four communities, the scrublands had the highest soil pH. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and available nitrogen concentrations in L. rhodostegia and E. hsienmu forests were significantly higher than in the scrublands and shrublands. However, soil total phosphorus, total potassium, and available potassium concentrations in the scrublands and shrublands were significantly higher than in the two forests. Soil available phosphorus and exchangeable calcium concentrations showed no detectible differences among the four plant communities. Our results suggested that CCA was effective for screening the soil fertility assessment index, and the integrated assessment scores of soil quality of the four communities were in the order of: L. rhodostegia forest (0.41) > E. hsienmu forest (0.27) > scrub (-0.20) > shrub (-0.44). Lower plant productivity and nutrient accumulation were the primary factors resulting in poor soil quality in the scrublands and shrublands.
 

Key words: decomposition rate, litter, rising temperature, plant mass, habitat.